Media entrepreneurship: a consensual definition - Núm. 30, Enero 2017 - Revista AD-minister - Libros y Revistas - VLEX 672312409

Media entrepreneurship: a consensual definition

AutorDatis Khajeheian
CargoAssistant Professor in University of Tehran
Páginas91-113
91
AD-MINISTER
ABSTRACT
Media Entrepreneurship has been an ambiguous, unclear and controversial concept and despite of
growing academic efforts in the last decade, it is still a poorly defined subject. This paper is an effort
to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive definition of media entrepreneurship. Firstly, a literature
review conducted and entrepreneurship, media, opportunity and innovation as building blocks of media
entrepreneurship explained. Then by using of a mixed of bibliographic method and a Delphi method with
multi-stage analysis process, a consensual definition of media entrepreneurship proposed. This definition
integrates some key features of the emerging media environment such as distinction of content and
platform, value delivery, opportunity development, non-monetary benefit, etc. It is expected that the
findings of this research clear the ground for further researches in the field of media entrepreneurship.
KEYWORDS
Media Entrepreneurship; Media Management; Venture Creation; Media Firm; Delphi Method; Consensual
Definition; Consensus.
RESUMEN
El emprendimiento mediático ha sido un concepto ambiguo, confuso y controversial y a pesar de los
crecientes esfuerzos académicos de la última década, sigue siendo una materia de estudio no muy bien
definida. Este artículo es un esfuerzo por llenar esta brecha al proveer una definición amplia sobre el
emprendimiento mediático. En primer lugar, se lleva a cabo una revisión de la literatura y se ponen el em-
prendimiento, los medios de comunicación, las oportunidades y la innovación como elementos básicos
de la explicación del emprendimiento mediático. Luego, utilizando un método bibliográfico combinado
y un método Delphi con un proceso de análisis de múltiples etapas, se propone una definición consen-
suada del emprendimiento mediático. Esta definición integra algunas de las principales características
del naciente entorno mediático tales como la distinción entre “contenido” y “plataforma”, “valor entre-
gado”, “desarrollo de oportunidad”, “beneficio no monetario”, etc. Se espera que los hallazgos de esta
investigación allanen el camino para futuros investigadores en el campo del emprendimiento mediático
PALABRAS CLAVE
Emprendimiento mediático; gestión mediática; creación de empresas; empresa mediática; método Del-
phi; definición consensuada; consenso.
MEDIA ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A CONSENSUAL DEFINITION
EMPRENDIMIENTO MEDIÁTICO: UNA DEFINICIÓN CONSENSUADA
DATIS KHAJEHEIAN
JEL: O, L
Received: 19-10-2016
Modified: 15-11-2016
Accepted: 22-12-2016
DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.30.5
www.eafit.edu.co/ad-minister
Creative Commons (CC BY-NC- SA)
1 Assistant Professor in University of Tehran, and a visiting lecturer in the Center for Communication,
Media and Information Technologies in Aalborg University of Denmark. He also periodically delivers
lectures in Stuttgart Media University of Germany. Datis earned his PhD in Media Management and
MA in Entrepreneurship with specialty in New Venture Creation. He is the head of the special interest
group of ‘Emerging Media Markets’ in European Media Management Association. Datis is author of
many academic articles in media management and entrepreneurship both in Persian and English, and
has edited more than 70 academic papers at the time of writing this paper. Institutional Email address:
datiskh@ut.ac.ir
AD-minister Nº. 30 january-june 2017 pp. 91 - 113 · ISSN 1692-0279 · eISSN 2256-4322
Datis Khajeheian
Media entrepreneurship: a consensual definition
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INTRODUCTION
In 2008 Achtenhagen wrote: “As the area of media entrepreneurship is still a young
and undeveloped field, this phenomenon is poorly understood” (p. 124). In 2017, no
significant progress can be seen. The number of publications on the subject of media
entrepreneurship has increased, but the field is not clear enough yet, and there is no
consensus among the experts of the field.
In the short number of published research papers, some definitions of media
entrepreneurship can be found. Anne Hoag defined media entrepreneurship as “the
creation and ownership of a small enterprise or organization whose activity adds at
least one voice or innovation to the media marketplace” (2008, p.74). She argued that
her definition supports important characteristics: first, it covers a broad spectrum of
media sectors; second, it considers both new entrants and existing firms; third, this
definition include both for-profit and non-commercial forms of media enterprise.
Achtenhagen criticized Hoag’s definition by pointing out that any person starting
a blog would be a new voice in the media marketplace, while he is not principally
an entrepreneur (2008, p.126). She defines media entrepreneurship as “how new
ventures aimed at bringing into existence future media goods and services are
initially conceived of and subsequently developed, by whom, and with what
consequences” (Ibid, p.126). Khajeheian and Roshandel Arbatani (2011) defined media
entrepreneurship as “the creation and ownership of a small enterprise or organization
whose activity adds at least one voice or innovation to the media marketplace”.
In 2013 Khajeheian provided a specific definition for Media Entrepreneurship:
“Individuals or small firms of which use their own or others’ resources to create value
by extracting opportunities via oering a service or product that is consist of any type
of innovation in any of product/service characteristics, process, distribution channel
or place, or dierent innovative usage, to the media market, or any other market that
media is its main channel of interaction”. (2013, p.128). However, none of definitions
presented are comprehensive enough to shed light on aspects of entrepreneurial
activities in fast changing and evolving media industry.
Considering the importance of entrepreneurship in the national and global
economies; the increasing role of communication technologies in the provision of
possibilities for entrepreneurs; and also with respect to the poor literature in the field
of entrepreneurship in media industries, this paper aims to provide a consolidated
definition and a consensual conceptualization of media entrepreneurship. Such
achievement can create a ground for further researches and more progresses in
our knowledge of the field.
For this purpose, two major means have been implied. Firstly, literature of the
field reviewed and any possible connection that found, extracted. Then, a panel of
scholars and academic experts in the field have questioned this concept and what it
implies. "When a field is fragmented and its boundaries are blurred, it is legitimate to
ask scholars what they perceive to be the defining elements of their field" (Kuckertz
and Mandl, 2016, p.418). Following these steps, the next part presents the literature
review and past eorts in understanding media entrepreneurship.

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