Competitive strategies of knowledge and innovation commercialization: a unified swot and fuzzy ahp approach - Núm. 30, Enero 2017 - Revista AD-minister - Libros y Revistas - VLEX 672312061

Competitive strategies of knowledge and innovation commercialization: a unified swot and fuzzy ahp approach

AutorMike Friedrichsen - Hadi Zarea - Amin Tayebi - Fatemeh Asadi Saeed Abad
CargoProfessor of media economics and media innovation at the Stuttgart Media University and Founding - Research fellow at department of planning in Zaminkav Research Center - MSc degree in industrial engineering from Iran University - M.Sc. degree in IT engineering from Islamic Azad University
Páginas42-72
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COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES OF KNOWLEDGE AND
INNOVATION COMMERCIALIZATION: A UNIFIED SWOT AND
FUZZY AHP APPROACH
ESTRATEGIAS COMPETITIVAS DE CONOCIMIENTO Y COMERCIALIZACIÓN DE LA INNOVACIÓN: UN DOFA UNIFICADO
Y UN ENFOQUE DE PROCESO DE ANÁLISIS JERÁRQUICO DIFUSO (FUZZY AHP)
MIKE FRIEDRICHSEN HADI ZAREA AMIN TAYEBI FATEMEH ASADI SAEED ABAD
ABSTRACT
Universities have shown a strong desire to commercialize researches and innovations. As a result,
they are increasingly weaning themselves from public budgets. Commercialization has become the
gateway for privatization, but the improper selection of commercialization strategies often results in
the elimination of resources and time. The correct evaluation and ranking of strategies for the best
resources is essential for the competitive performance of a university. The hybrid SWOT and Fuzzy AHP
model adopted in this study provides a clear categorization of these university strategies. The first and
relevant criteria as well as sub-criteria are identified using SWOT analysis. Fuzzy AHP tool is then used
to evaluate and rank the internal and external factors that affect competition in Iranian universities.
Based on the IE matrix, the growth and the process of building strategies are important priorities when
considering commercializing. The results of this study revealed that academic startups, joint technology,
joint research laboratories, strategic alliances, recruiting pundit and contracting with industry are the
best strategies for Iranian universities.
KEYWORDS
Knowledge; Innovation; Commercialization; Strategy; FAHP approach; SWOT matrix.
RESUMEN
Las universidades han mostrado un fuerte deseo de comercializar investigaciones e innovación.
Como resultado de esto, cada vez más buscan depender menos de los presupuestos públicos. La
1 Professor of media economics and media innovation at the Stuttgart Media University and Founding
Director at the Humboldt School in Berlin. He studied Business Administration, Political Economics,
Journalism and Political Sciences in Kiel, Mainz and Berlin. He earned his doctorate at the Free Uni-
versity of Berlin in 1996 at the Institute of empirical Market and Communication Research. His main
research interests are Media Management and Media Economics, Digital Communication, New Me-
dia Technologies und Business Communication. Mike Friedrichsen emphasizes transfer between the
University and Economy and in leads several Networking Organizations. He is author and editor of
several books and has also published in dierent journals. Institutional Email address: friedrichsen@
hdm-stuttgart.de
2 Research fellow at department of planning in Zaminkav Research Center. Hadi earned his MA in
Entrepreneurship with specialty in Public policy. He has been in charge of supervision in several re-
search projects for many national organizations and has received several awards. He appointed as the
supervisor of the national project of evaluation of 159 Universities by Ministry of Science, Research and
Technology. Hadi is an author of many academic articles in Innovation and Entrepreneurship both in
Persian and English. Institutional Email address: zarea@zegrc.ac.ir
3 MSc degree in industrial engineering from Iran University of Science and Technology. His main
research interest include system and productivity, Fuzzy AHP and Marketing management, Innovation
Management. Institutional Email address: amintayebi@peic.com
4 M.Sc. degree in IT engineering from Islamic Azad University. Her main research interests include
Information engineering, computers and networks. Institutional Email Address: f-asadi@trec.co.ir
MIKE FRIEDRICHSEN
HADI ZAREA
AMIN TAYEBI
FATEMEH ASADI SAEED ABAD
JEL: D, M
Received: 20-10-2016
Modified: 1-12-2016
Accepted: 17-12-2016
DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.30.3
www.eafit.edu.co/ad-minister
Creative Commons (CC BY-NC- SA)
AD-minister Nº. 30 january-june 2017 pp. 45 - 72 · ISSN 1692-0279 · eISSN 2256-4322
Mike Friedrichsen · Hadi Zarea · Amin Tayebi · Fatemeh Asadi Saeed Abad
Competitive strategies of knowledge and innovation commercialization: a unified swot and fuzzy ahp approach
46
AD-MINISTER
comercialización se ha convertido en la entrada a la privatización, sin embargo, la selección incorrecta de las
estrategias de comercialización con frecuencia resulta en la eliminación de recursos y tiempo. La correcta eva-
luación y ranking de estrategias para los mejores recursos es esencial para el desempeño competitivo de una
universidad. El híbrido entre el DOFA y el modelo proceso de análisis jerárquico difuso (Fuzzy AHP) adoptado en
este estudio, provee una categorización clara de las estrategias de estas universidades. Los criterios principales
y relevantes, al igual que los subcriterios, son identificados utilizando el análisis DOFA. La herramienta Fuzzy AHP
se utiliza luego para evaluar y valorar los factores internos y externos que afectan la competencia en las univer-
sidades de Irán. Teniendo como base la matriz IE, el crecimiento y el proceso de construcción de las estrategias
son prioridades cuando se tiene en cuenta la comercialización. Los resultados de este estudio revelan que los
emprendimientos académicos, la tecnología conjunta, los laboratorios de investigación conjunta, las alianzas
estratégicas, los expertos en reclutamiento y las contrataciones con la industria son las mejores estrategias
para las universidades iraníes.
PALABRAS CLAVE
Conocimiento; innovación; comercialización; estrategia; enfoque AHP; matriz DOFA.
INTRODUCTION
Knowledge and innovation has a direct impact on an economy, especially in fast-
growing new startup companies. Knowledge workers are the key towards gaining
competitive advantage for innovative organizations (Gonzalez-Perez & Leonard,
2013). Factors such as globalization, along with other factors, have fundamentally
changed the relationship between industry and universities.
This is part of a general trend towards the rapid development of knowledge
markets. Currently, national policies are focused on the relation between industry
players and university. The aim is to facilitate the improvement of entrepreneurship
in fast-growing industries (The Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD), 2002). Hence, universities are considered as important
actors in the knowledge-based economy. And the commercialization of research
in universities, the innovations that originate from the research and development
are considered as important factors for the economic stability of countries (Arora,
2003). Innovation often results in entrepreneurship as new ventures are created
(Khajeheian, 2013) and by allowing firms to survive and compete in turbulent
markets (Khajeheian, 2016a,b). Innovation also emanates from knowledge and
creativity expected to be fostered in universities. The change in the universities’
role from a knowledge producer to an entity that commercializes knowledge, has
led to an increase in innovative activities in the past two decades. But despite
the importance of innovation; little attention has been paid to the successful
commercialization of university research in developing countries especially in Iran
(Zarea and Salamzadeh, 2012; Guerrero, Urbano, andSalamzadeh, 2014, 2015). With
the importance of commercializing research that emanates from universities, and
the fact that the selection of a commercialization strategy is the heart of developing
innovations, commercialization determines the path through which organizations
gains revenue and profit for the products and innovation (Servo, 1998). Therefore,
paying attention to the mode of selecting a strategy with its correct mechanism is
important for strategic planning in universities.

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