La necesidad de mantener a la universidad alejada del ánimo de lucro - Núm. 5-1, Junio 2013 - Revista Finanzas y Política Económica - Libros y Revistas - VLEX 496781106

La necesidad de mantener a la universidad alejada del ánimo de lucro

AutorEliasib Naher Rivera Aya
CargoAdministrador de empresas. Ingeniero industrial. Magíster en educación, y magister (c) en administración, Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Páginas43-57
!∀
!∀#∃%#&∋(∃)∗+∋∋
,#−∗+∃∋./∃0
!∀#∃%&∋#()(∗∗
∗+,&−%∗.)(%,∗/,0)∀,1∗2,3,45#)
,∗1#ê∋9"fg"hgdtgtq"fg"4235
5361∗783∋2∗∋∗−∃∀9∃1#:64"34"fg"cdtkn"fg"4235
.7+3&∃2349"fg"oc{q"fg"4235
!∀#∃%&%∋()∗#+),#−,−∃.)−∋∗∋/,
0&1−&%−)+,%∋()%∗3/,4∗15∋(−),
−&,−#26∗6%7&8,9,∃∗1%∋(−),:6;,
−&,∗#∃%&%∋()∗6%7&8,
>∗6%+&∗3,#−,?+3+∃≅%∗/,Α)+Β−∋+),
Α)+1)∗∃∗,#−,0&1−&%−)5∗,0∋()%∗3,
Ε+Φ∗&+8,Γ+1+(Η8,?+3+∃≅%∗/,,
?+))−+∋,−3−6()7&%6+∋Ι,,
−3%∗∋%≅/)%=−)∗ϑ2(∗#−+/−#2/6+Κ,
−3%∗∋%≅)%=−)∗ϑ9∗Λ++/6+∃/∃Μ
!∀#∃#%∃&∋(∋)∗+,−∀.∃∋/.∗#01∀.∃2!67789∗::;<=>?;>1∗≅,3Α∗Β1∗8,Α∗Χ1∗%∀%&,=∆Ε∀#,1∗:?ΧΦ1∗ΓΓΑ∗;Φ=Β<
/)∗∀%Η%∋#()(∗(%∗4)∀Ι%∀%&∗∗
)∗3)∗Ε∀#∃%&∋#()(∗)3%∆)()∗∗
(%3∗ϑ∀#4,∗(%∗3ΕΗ&,
#∃%&∋∃(
Κ∀∗%3∗4)&Η,∗(%∗Ε∀)∗Γ&,ΓΕ%∋Ι)∗(%∗&%Λ,&4)∗)∗3)∗%(ΕΗ)Η#Μ∀∗∋ΕΓ%,&1∗∋Ε&−%∀∗
vgpukqpgu"tgurgevq"fg"vgocu"eqoq"nc"cwvqpqoc."nc"Þpcpekcek„p."nc"ecnkfcf."
3)∗%(ΕΗ)Η#Μ∀∗∋ΕΓ%,&∗Ν∗3,∋∗∋%∀Ι#(,∋∗(%∗ 3)∗Ε∀#∃%&∋#()(Α∗/)∗%(ΕΗ)Η#Μ∀∗∋ΕΓ%,&∗
Η,4,∗4%&Η)∀ΗΟ)∗ &%Γ&%∋%∀Ι)∗Ε∀)∗ ,!)∗#(%,3Μ−#Η)∗ (#∋Ι#∀Ι)∗)∗ 3)∗Η,∀∋#(%&)Η#Μ∀∗
(%∗%∋Ι)∗ Η,4,∗ 5#%∀∗ ΓΠ53#Η,∗ )3∗ ∋%&∃#Η#,∗ (%∗3)∗ ∋,Η#%()(Α∗ Κ∋Ι%∗ (,ΗΕ4%∀Ι,∗ (%∋=
Η%∗)3−Ε∀)∋∗Ι%∀∋#,∀%∋∗&%∋Γ%ΗΙ,∗(%∗3,∋∗∋%∀Ι#(,∋∗(%∗3)∗Ε∀#∃%&∋#()(1∗)∗Γ)&Ι#&∗(%3∗
&%Η,∀,Η#4#%∀Ι,∗(%∗3)∋∗∃#∋#,∀%∋∗)∀Ι)−Μ∀#Η)∋∗Ν∗3,∋∗Γ)&)(#−4)∋∗ΘΕ%∗%∋Ιϑ∀∗(%Ι&ϑ∋∗
(%∗(#ΗΡ)∋∗∃#∋#,∀%∋1∗ Γ)&)∗(%Λ%∀(%&∗3)∗ ∀%Η%∋#()(∗(%∗4)∀Ι%∀%&∗ )∗3)∗Ε∀#∃%&∋#()(∗
cnglcfc"fg"nc"d¿uswgfc"fg"nc"oczkok¦cek„p"fg"nc"tgpvcdknkfcf"Þpcpekgtc0"
Rcncdtcu"encxg9∗%(ΕΗ)Η#Μ∀∗∋ΕΓ%,&1∗Ε∀#∃%&∋#()(1∗∋%∀Ι#(,∋∗(%∗3)∗Ε∀#∃%&=
∋#()(1∗∋%∀Ι#(,∋∗(%∗3)∗%(ΕΗ)Η#Μ∀∗∋ΕΓ%,&1∗Ε∀#∃%&∋#()(∗Ν∗ϑ∀#4,∗(%∗3ΕΗ&,Α
EncukÞecek„p"LGN
Vjg"pggf"vq"mggr"Wpkxgtukv{"!
cyc{"htqo"rtqÝv"oqvkxg
)∗%+#),+
.%∀∋#,∀∋∗)∋%∗Σ#ΙΡ#∀∗ΙΡ%∗5,Ε∀(∋∗,Λ∗)∗Ρ#−Ρ%&∗%(ΕΗ)Ι#,∀∗&%Λ,&4∗Γ&,Γ,∋)31∗
kp"tgncvkqp" vq" kuuwgu" uwej"cu"cwvqpqo{."Þpcpekpi." swcnkv{."jkijgt" gfwecvkqp"
)∀(∗ΙΡ%∗∋%∀∋%∗ )∀(∗4%)∀#∀−∗ ,Λ∗!∀#∃%&∋#ΙΝΑ∗Τ#−Ρ%&∗%(ΕΗ)Ι#,∀∗ )∋∗4%&ΗΡ)∀(#∋%∗
&%Γ&%∋%∀Ι∋∗)∀∗#(%,3,−#Η)3∗∋#(%∗ΙΡ)Ι∗(#ΛΛ%&∋∗Λ&,4∗ΙΡ%∗,∀%∗#∀∗ΣΡ#ΗΡ∗#Ι∗#∋∗Η,∀∋#(%&%(∗
)∋∗)∗ ΓΕ53#Η∗−,,(∗ )Ι∗ ΙΡ%∗∋%&∃#Η%∗ ,Λ∗∋,Η#%ΙΝΑ∗.Ρ#∋∗(,ΗΕ4%∀Ι∗ (%∋Η%∋∗∋,4%∗ ,Λ∗
ΙΡ,∋%∗Ι%∀∋#,∀∋∗&%−)&(#∀−∗ΙΡ%∗∋%∀∋%∋∗)∀(∗4%)∀#∀−∋∗,Λ∗!∀#∃%&∋#ΙΝ∗5)∋%(∗,∀∗ΙΡ%∗
)ΗΥ∀,Σ3%(−%4%∀Ι∗,Λ∗ΙΡ%∗,ΓΓ,∋#∀−∗∃#∋#,∀∋∗)∀(∗Γ)&)(#−4∋∗5%Ρ#∀(∗ΙΡ%41∗#∀∗,&(%&∗
Ι,∗(%Λ%∀(∗ΙΡ%∗∀%%(∗Ι,∗Υ%%Γ∗!∀#∃%&∋#ΙΝ∗)Σ)Ν∗Λ&,4∗ΙΡ%∗∋%)&ΗΡ∗,Λ∗4)ς#4#0#∀−∗ΙΡ%∗
Þpcpekcn"rtqÞvcdknkv{0
Mg{yqtfu <∗Ρ# −Ρ %& ∗%( ΕΗ #,∀ 1∗Ε ∀# ∃% &∋ Ν1∗∋ %∀ ∋% ∋∗) ∀( ∗4% )∀ #∀ −∋ ∗,Λ ∗Ε∀ #∃% &=
ukv{."ugpugu"qh"jkijgt"gfwecvkqp."wpkxgtukv{"cpf"rtqÞv"oqvkxg0
LGN"EncuukÞecvkqp
Ctvewnq"fg"tgàgzk„p
!!
!∀#∃#%∃&∋(∋)∗+,−∀.∃∋/.∗#01∀.∃2!!∀∀#∃%&&∋()∗+∋∗,%−./0%1,%#.0%2,%3435.)6748.,%&+29,%::0%∋9)1(
C"pgeguukfcfg"fg"ocpvgt"c"wpkxgtukfcfg"!
chcuvcfc"fqu"Ýpu"nwetcvkxqu
∀#∃%&∋
#.!;<5=.%>3% 7; >3%53Α.5; >7= ?7:358.5,%?75∆3;%
vgpugu"c"tgurgkvq"fg"vgocu"eqoq"c"cwvqpqokc."q"Þpcpekcogpvq."c"swcnkfcfg."
7=?34≅8>.?%><>30%Φ%3>7==.;.%
<7≅.4.;83./Γ∆8=.% >8Α3534≅3% Η% =.4?8>353?≅
=.;.%Ι3;%:ϑΙ/8=.%<. class="_ _0">>Κ?≅3%>.=7;34≅.%>3?=53Ε3%∆7;%
≅34?Λ3?%.?%?34≅8>.?%>748Ε35?8><>3,%.%=.4Μ3=8;34≅.%>%
xgtugu"cpvci»pkecu" g" fqu"rctcfkiocu" swg" guv«q"rqt" vtƒu" fguucu"xkugu." rctc"
>3Α34>35%<>3%>3%;<4≅35%<>3%Ι7?=
;8Ο
Rcncxtcu/ejcxg∃%3>7=,%748Ε35?8><>3,%?34≅8>.?%>
fcfg."ugpvkfqu"fc"gfwec›«q"uwrgtkqt."wpkxgtukfcfg"g"Þpu"nwetcvkxqu0
!∀
!∀#∃%&%∋()∀)#)%#∗∀∃+%∃%,#∀#!∀#−∃(.%,∋()∀)#∀!%/∀)∀#)%!#0∃(∗1#)%#!−&,1
#∃%&∋()∗∗#+∃
!∀# ∃# % ∋()∗+, % −.//0# &∀# 1∋+2&,3∋# 4,&5&3)6#
73) &∀# 8∋39,&5∋# (∋∀∋:+273∋# ∗37# 4,∋4∗&5)7# %
tghqtoc" c" nc" Ng{" 52" fg" 3;;4." swg." rqt" rtguk„p"
#
fg"guvwfkcpvgu"{" rtqhguqtgu"fg" wpkxgtukfcfgu"r¿;
dnkecu"{"rtkxcfcu."hwg"ctejkxcfc"gn"38"fg"pqxkgodtg"
fg"42330"Nc" tc¦„p"rtkpekrcn" rqt"nc" ewcn"ug" tgcnk¦„"
nc"rtqrwguvc"fg" tghqtoc"c" nc"Ng{" 52"fg" 3;;4"hwg"
gn"fguÞpcpekcokgpvq"et„pkeq"fg"ncu"wpkxgtukfcfgu"
423#&:+7,9∋0#7#47,)2,#%∀∋5#%25(∗,5∋5#%
nqu"fkhgtgpvgu"cevqtgu"uqekcngu"swg"cdqtfctqp"fku;
)23)∋5#4∗3)∋5#%∀7#4,∋4∗&5)7#54∗%∋#,&(∋3∋(&,#∀7#
&?25)&3(27#%∀9∗375#)&352∋3&5#7∀,&%&%∋,#%)&:75#
eqoq"nc"cwvqpqoc."nc"ecnkfcf."gn"ukipkÞecfq"fg"nc"
#
&%∗(7(263# 5∗4&,2∋,# ≅# ∀7# ∗32Α&,52%7%0# 75Β# (∋:∋##
nc"Þpcpekcek„p"fg"nc"gfwecek„p"uwrgtkqt"{"gn"ƒpkoq"
% ∀∗(,∋=# Χ2&3),75# ∆∗ &∀# 1∋+2&,3∋#(∋352%&,7+7#
dgpfiÞec"rctc"nc"gfwecek„p"uwrgtkqt"{"rctc"gn"rcu"
nc"rtqrwguvc"fg"tghqtoc."cecffiokequ."guvwfkcpvgu"
≅#&?4&,)∋5#(∋352%&,7+73#∆∗&5)7#&,7#∀&52Α7#47,7#∀7#
hqtocek„p"fg" guvwfkcpvgu" gp"gfwecek„p" uwrgtkqt."
)73)∋#47,7# ∀75# ∗32Α&,52%7%&5# 4 47,7#
∀75#∗32Α&,52%7%&5#4,2Α7%75=#
!3#&5)%∋(∗:&3)∋#5+∋,%73#7∀9∗375#)&3;
52∋3&5#&3#&∀#(∋3(&4)∋#%∗32Α&,52%7%#∆∗4∗&%&3#5&,#
fg"kpvgtfiu"rctc" eqortgpfgt"oglqt"nqu" rctcfkiocu"
uqdtg" nqu" ewcngu" ug" rwgfg" fkuewvkt" wpc" tghqtoc" c"
∀7#&%∗(7(263#5∗4&,2∋,# &3#8∋∀∋:+270#75Β#(∋:∋# 47,7#
,&(∋3∋(&,#∀7#2:4∋,)73(27#%:73)&3&,#&∀#Ε32:∋#%
nwetq" cnglcfq" fg" nc" wpkxgtukfcf" eqoq" kpuvkvwek„p"
5∋(27∀=#Φ52:25:∋0#47,)%&∀#5∗4∗&5)∋#%∆∗(∋3∋(&,#
nq"swg"rkgpuc"ecfc"itwrq"cpvci„pkeq"*rqt"glgornq."
gn"Iqdkgtpq" xgtuwu"nc" eqowpkfcf"wpkxgtukvctkc+" hc;
(2∀2)7,Ε#&∀#%2Ε∀∋9∋#≅#∀7#(∋35),∗((263#%∗3# 4,∋≅&()∋#
eqpugpuwcfq"fg" tghqtoc" c" nc" gfwecek„p" uwrgtkqt0"
ΦΓ∋,70# (∋:∋# 23),∋%∗((263# 7∀#)&:7# % ∀75# )&352∋ ;
3&5# &3# ∀∋5# 5&3)2%∋5# % ∀7# ∗32Α&,52%7%0# 1∗2∀∀&,:∋#
ΗΕ,7:∋#(∋352%&,7# ∆∗∀7# ∗32Α&,52%7%#7)2&3% :Ε5#
*q"cu"fgdgtc" ugt+"c" nq"r¿dnkeq"swg" c"nq" rtkxcfq."c"
∀∋#&5),7)Ι92(∋#∆∗#∀∋#(∋≅∗3)∗,7∀0#7#∀∋# 2:4∋,)73)
swg"c"nq"wtigpvg."cn"nctiq"rnc¦q"swg"cn"eqtvq"rnc¦q0"
ϑ 7(∗&,%∋# 7# ∀∋# 73)&,2∋,0#4∗&%&3# 5∗,92,# 7∀9∗375#
23∆∗2&)∗%&5#(∋:∋#5∋3Κ# Λ%&+∀7# ∗32Α&,52%7%#)&3&,#
wp"gphqswg"gortguctkcnA"½E„oq"fgdg"cevwct"nc"wpk;
xgtukfcf"htgpvg"c"nc"inqdcnk¦cek„pA"½Gp"swfi"eqpukuvg"
gn"glgtekekq"fg"nc"fqegpekc" gp"wpc"wpkxgtukfcfA"½Gu"
nc"wpkxgtukfcf"wpc"qticpk¦cek„p"fg"ectƒevgt"hqtfkuvc"
*eqoq"hwpekqpcp"ncu"geqpqocu"fg"guecnc."kiwcn"swg"
qewttg"gp"wpc"hƒdtkec+A
!5)75#4,&9∗3)75#5&,Ε3#7+∋,%7%75#(∋:∋#)&3;
ukqpgu"gp"nq"tghgtgpvg"c"nc"xkuk„p"fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf."
4&,∋#4,2:&,∋#5,&Α257,Ε#+,&Α&:&3)∀7#:25263#%
nc"wpkxgtukfcf"{"nc"gxqnwek„p"fg"uwu"hwpekqpgu0
,−./0∋,)∗#+∃.(/.,−.1#2#+∃..
(/.,−.)∃#0/&2#(−(
½Ewƒn"gu" nc" okuk„p"fg" nc" wpkxgtukfcfA"Cu" eqoq" nc"
kpuvkvwek„p"fgpqokpcfc"wpkxgtukfcf"pq"hwg"fkug‚cfc"
%(∗&,%∋#7#∗37#2%&7#∋#(∋3(&4)∋#4,&%&)&,:237%∋0#
ukpq"swg"guvg"hwg"gxqnwekqpcpfq"c"nq"nctiq"fgn"vkgorq."
eqp"nq"ewcn"ug"fgÞpkgtqp"uwu"ectcevgtuvkecu."uwu"xcnq;
tgu."uwu"rtkpekrkqu"{"uwu"qdlgvkxqu"*Iqp¦ƒng¦."3;;9+.#
uw"okuk„p"jc"xgpkfq"vtcpuhqtoƒpfqug"fgufg"uw"crc/
,2(263#&3#&∀#529∀∋#ΜΝΝ=#
Nc"wpkxgtukfcf." nc"ecuc" fg"nc" tc¦„p."swg" gp"
5∗5#73)&(&%&3)&5#(∀Ε52(∋5#5,&:∋3)70#&3),∋),∋50#
7∀#!∀!#∃%&∋#4∀7)632(∋#Γ7#)&32%∋0#%&5%&3)∋3(&50#
hwpekqpgu"hwpfcogpvcngu."gpvtg"gnncunc"kpxguvkic;
ek„p"ekgpvÞec"{"nc"hqtocek„p"fgn"kpfkxkfwq"uqekcn0"Nc"
&()∗∃+∋),!∋#&5 #∗3 7#( ∋, 4 ∋, 7( 26 3#( ∋3 #7 ∗) ∋3 ∋: Β7 #∆ ∗& #
vkgpg"nc"okuk„p"fg"dwuect"nc"xgtfcf"gpvtg"ekgpvÞequ"
≅#%25(Β4∗∀∋50#∀∗97,#&3#&∀#(∗7∀#∀7#5∋(2&%7%#≅#&∀#!5)7%∋#
etgcp"gn" àqtgekokgpvq"fg" nc"oƒu" enctc" eqpekgpekc"
fg"ecfc"firqec"*Uejctc."4228."r0"4+0
Tgekgpvgogpvg."gp"3;87."Mctn"Lcurgtu"kpfke„"
∆∗∀7#:25263#&)&,37#%∀7#∗32Α&,52%7%Κ
#
...∃∋− ∃/− /&0!+− #1(#∃− 2 1+− ∀1(∀∃∋)3(− #∃/−
4∋,!#1−5−#∃− /!−∋1∀)∃#!#− &(!−#∃,∃+%)(!6
#!− 721∀!− 2&∃#∃− ∀&/,)∗!+− /!− %8∋− /9∀)#!−
∀1(∀)∃(∀)!−#∃−∋:−%)∋%!.−;&∋−%)∃%∋∃−
∀1(0+∃0!(−∃(−∃//!− ∀1(−∃/−9()∀1− 1<=∃,)∗1−
#∃−
∗∃+#!#−>2.−?≅Α.
Η7,7#Ι∀0#∀7#∗32Α&,52%7%#:∋%&,37#)2&3(∗7),∋#
hwpekqpgu" rtkpekrcngu
!∀
!∀#∃#%∃&∋(∋)∗+,−∀.∃∋/.∗#01∀.∃2!!∀∀#∃%&&∋()∗+∋∗,%−./0%1,%#.0%2,%3435.)6748.,%&+29,%::0%∋9)1(
!∀#∃%#&∋(∃)∗+∋,#−∗+∃∋./∃
gfwecek„p"rtqhgukqpcn"{"nc"vtcpuokuk„p"fg"wpc"encug"
!∀#∃%&∋(∀#)∗+)&∋(∃∋#∀,)−.#)/∋)!∀#∃+0)1#∃+2∀)3)4∀//+∃0)
ekvcfq"rqt"Ucpvqu"*3;;:+."fgÞpc"ncu"hwpekqpgu"fg"nc"
)
wpkxgtukfcf" eqoq" nc" Ñvtcpuokuk„p" fg" nc" ewnvwtc."
nc"gpug‚cp¦c" fg" ncu" rtqhgukqpgu="nc" kpxguvkicek„p"
ekgpvÞec" {" nc" gfwecek„p" fg" nqu" pwgxqu" jqodtgu"
∗+)&%+5&%∀6,)7∋+2.)∗+)(∀)∗8&∀∗∀)∗+)(./)/+/+5∃∀0)(./)
vtgu"rtkpekrcngu" Þpgu"fg" nc"wpkxgtukfcf" rcuctqp"c"
ugt"nc"kpxguvkicek„p."nc"gpug‚cp¦c"{"nc"rtguvcek„p"fg"
ugtxkekqu."swg"kornkectqp"wpc"kpàgzk„p"gp"gn"ugpvkfq"
fgn"ÑcvtqÞcokgpvqÒ"fg"nc"fkogpuk„p"ewnvwtcn"fg"nc"
∋5%9+#/%∗∀∗)3)∗+()!#%9%(+2%.)∗+)/∋)&.5∃+5%∗.)∋∃%(%∃∀:
tkq."rtqfwevkxkuvc"*Ucpvqu."3;;:."r0"449+0"Gp"3;:9."
nc"Qticpk¦cek„p"rctc"nc"Eqqrgtcek„p"{"gn"Fgucttqnnq"
Geqp„okequ" *QEFG+" cvtkdw{„" c" ncu" wpkxgtukfcfgu"
fkg¦"hwpekqpgu"rtkpekrcngu
! ∀#∃%&∋&()∗!+#∗#,∋−! ./010#&%∗∃∋,(∋2! (∗3
4#01(+∋&()∗2!0%5(∗(01,/!∃#!5∋∗/!∃#!/6,∋!
&∋−(7(&∋∃∋2! # ∃%&∋&()∗! 8! #∗1,# ∗∋5(#∗1/!
∋−1∋5#∗1#!#0.#&(∋−(9∋∃/02!7/,1∋−#&(5(#∗3
1/!∃#!−∋!&/5.#1(1(4(∃∋∃!∃#!−∋!#&/∗/5:∋2!
5#&∋∗(05/0!∃#! 0#−#&&()∗! .∋,∋! #5.−#/0!
∃#!∋−1/!∗(4#−;!∋!1,∋4<0!∃#!−∋!,1(7(&∋&()∗2!
5/4(−(∃∋∃!0/&(∋−!.∋,∋!−/0!=(>/0!#!=(>∋0!∃#!
−∋0! 7∋5(−(∋0! .,/−#1∋,(∋02! .,#01∋&()∗! ∃#!
0#,4(&(/0! ∋! −∋! ,#+()∗! 8! ∋! −∋! &/5%∗(∃∋∃!
−/&∋−2!.∋,∋∃(+5∋0! ∃#! ∋.−(&∋&()∗! ∃#! ./3
−:1(&∋0!∗∋&(/∗∋−#0! ?#>#5.−/≅!(+%∋−∃∋∃! ∃#!
/./,1%∗(∃∋∃#0!.∋,∋! 5%>#,#0! 8! 5(∗/,:∋0!
,∋&(∋−#0Α2! .,#.∋,∋&()∗! .∋,∋! −/0! .∋.#−#0!
∃#!−(∃#,∋9+/!0/&(∋−Β!?Χ∆ΕΦ;!ΓΗΙϑ;!.Κ!ΓΛΑΚ!
7∋+2.)∗+)#+&.5.&+#)(∀)+9.(∋&%;5)∗+)(∀)
fg"nc" wpkxgtukfcf."{" rtgxkq"cn" cdqtfclg"fg" cniwpcu"
vgpukqpgu"fg"guvc"¿nvkoc."tguwnvc"rgtvkpgpvg"tgcnk¦ct"
wp" eqplwpvq" fg" rtgiwpvcu" swg." cwpswg" gp" guvg"
+/%∃.)5.) /+) (+/) ∗∀#=5)#+/!∋+/∃∀/0) /%#9+5) !∀#∀) #+:
àgzkqpct"uqdtg" nc" xctkgfcf"fg" rqukdngu" tgurwguvcu"
swg"ug"rwgfgp"kocikpct"*Rwnkfq."4229."r0"6+0
½Ewƒn"ug"eqpukfgtc"swg" gu"hwpek„p"rtkpekrcn"
fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf:
/%∗∀∗)∗+>+)#+5∗%#)&∋+5∃∀/)∀)(∀)/.&%+∗∀∗)+5)2+5+#∀()
{"ceqrnctug"c"uwu"fgocpfcu"q"fgdg"Þlctug"eqp"kpfg:
rgpfgpekc"uwu"rtqrkcu"ogvcuA"½Fgdg"dwuect"gn"ucdgt"
!.#)+()/∀>+#).)(∀)∀!(%&∀>%(%∗∀∗)∗+)/∋)%59+/∃%2∀&%;5)3)
nc"gorngcdknkfcf"fg"uwu"guvwfkcpvguA"½Eqoq"ugtxkekq"
r¿dnkeq."nc"gpug‚cp¦c"{"nc"kpxguvkicek„p"wpkxgtukvctkc"
fgdgp"ugt"Þpcpekcfcu" rtghgtkdngogpvg"rqt" hqpfqu"
r¿dnkequ"q"ug"fgdgtc"dwuect"nc"Þpcpekcek„p"rtkxcfc"
eqorngogpvctkcA" ½Gn" ƒpkoq" fg" nwetq" gp" ncu" wpk:
9+#/%∗∀∗+/)!#%9∀∗∀/) ∗+>+)!+# &.<.>
guvcvcnA"½Fgdg" dwuectug" wpc" gxqnwek„p"ukoknct."gp"
>∋/&∀)∗+)(∀)&∀(%∗∀∗0)!∀#∀)∃.∗∀/)(∀/)∋5%9+#/%∗∀∗+/0).)
gu" rtghgtkdng" rtqoqxgt" fgucttqnnqu" fkhgtgpekcfquA"
≅Α/) !./%∃%9.) Β∋+) (∀/) ∋5%9+#/%∗∀∗+/) !∀#∃%&%!+5) +5)
(∀)∗%9∋(2∀&%;5)∗+() &.5.&% +5)+() ∗+>∀∃+)∗+)
nqu"rtqdngocu"fg"nc"uqekgfcf"q"gu"rtghgtkdng"swg"ug"
(%+∀#)5∋+9./)&.5.&%3)∃#∀5/
c"uwu"guvwfkcpvguA" ½Vqfcu"ncu"wpkxgtukfcfgu"fgdgp"
tgurqpfgt"c"wp" gphqswg"inqdcn"q"uqp" rqukdngu"qr:
ekqpgu"oƒu" nqecnkuvcuA" ½Nc" qticpk¦cek„p" {" iguvk„p"
∀&∃∋∀() ∗+) (∀/) ∋5%9+#/%∗∀∗+/) /%2∋+) /%+5∗.) 9=(%∗∀) .)
gzkig"wp" ecodkq"tcfkecnA" Eqoq"rwgfg" gxkfgpekct:
/+0)+/∃∀/)!#+2∋5∃∀/)3).∃#∀/)<=/)/∋#2+5)∀()!+5/∀#)(∀)
∋5%9+#/%∗∀∗)3)(∀)+∗∋&∀&%;5)/∋!+#%.#)+5)+()
wpc"tghqtoc"cn"octeq"ngicn"fg"guvc"¿nvkoc0
#∃%&∋()#∗(∃∗+,∗−%∋.∃/#∋(,(
7./) /+5∃%∗./) ∗+) (∀) ∋5%9+#/%∗∀∗) /+) !#+/+5∃∀#=5) ∀)
rctvkt" fg" kfgpvkÞect" cniwpcu" vgpukqpgu" cntgfgfqt"
∗+) +/∃+) &.5&+!∃.0) (./) &∋∀(+/) +/∃=5) #+(∀&%.5∀∗./)
eqp"nc"hqtocek„p"swg"ug"korctvg" gp"guvc."gn"gphq:
Β∋+)+ .)∀&∀∗8 Β∋+)∗+>+) ∃+5+#0)/∋)
eqpukfgtcek„p"hqtfkuvc"q"pq"{"cniwpcu"vgpukqpgu"c"
rctvkt"fgn"glgtekekq"fg"nc"fqegpekc"wpkxgtukvctkc"{"nc"
ocpgtc" eqoq" rwgfg" cdqtfctug" nc" inqdcnk¦cek„p"
!.#)!∀#∃+)∗+)(∀)∋5%9+#/%∗∀∗,
&012341∗01560∗78∗9:6;8<341∗∗
=13>062358638∗?868∗78∗≅0;:<68<38∗Α∗
78∗<3=≅8≅81Β8∗>062=2∗78∗9:6;8<341∗
=13>062358638∗2=250158≅8∗01∗782∗∗
?60;3282∗0;?6028638702∗
Rctc" hq tvcnge gt" nc" fgo qetcek c." eqpx kgpg" qh tgegt"
wpc" hqtocek„p" jwocpuvkec" rctc" nc" kocikpcek„p"
{" gn" rgpucokgpvq" etvkeq0" Rctc"hqtvcngeg t" gn" etg:
!∀
!∀#∃%&%∋()∀)#)%#∗∀∃+%∃%,#∀#!∀#−∃(.%,∋()∀)#∀!%/∀)∀#)%!#0∃(∗1#)%#!−&,1
ekokgpvq" geqp„okeq." ug" tgswkgtg" wpc" hqtocek„p"
!∀#∀∃%∀∃!#&∋()∗+,+∋∀∋∃−∃%∀∃#./∗∀0+%+∋∀∋1∃2.∃3(!&/.∃
4(.5∃ ./∃ (/∃ 3+3∗.6∀∃ )∀!+∗∀%+3∗∀5∃ ∀60&3∃ ∀3!.)∗&3∃
uqp"pgeguctkqu"rctc"gn"dwgp"hwpekqpcokgpvq"fg"ncu"
+/3∗+∗()+&/.3∃∋.∃(/∃!∀73∃−∃3(∃.)&/&67∀1∃2+/∃.60∀#8
iq."gp"nc"cevwcnkfcf"gu"gxkfgpvg"swg"nqu"dgpgÞekqu"
∋.%∃ )#.)+6+./∗&∃ .)&/96+)&∃ 3&/∃ ∀)(6(%∀∋&3∃ !∃
wpc"finkvg"kpucekcdng"swg"eqpegpvtc"nc"tkswg¦c"{"swg"
pq"guvƒ"kpvgtgucfc"gp"hcxqtgegt"ogfkfcu"qtkgpvcfcu"
c"tgfkuvtkdwktnc0"Cn"eqpvtctkq."cfgoƒu"fg"hqogpvct"
rqnvkecu"Þuecngu"qtkgpvcfcu"c"fkuokpwkt"gn"rciq"fg"
korwguvqu"{"c"qdvgpgt"uwdukfkqu"{"qvtqu"dgpgÞekqu"
.3∗∀∗∀%.35∃.3∗&3∃ :#(!&3∃ 0(3)∀/∃ 4(.∃ %∀∃ .∋()∀)+9/∃
ug" qtkgpvg" c" hqtoct" rgtuqpcu" cnkpgcfcu" eqp" ncu"
!#.6+3∀3∃ .6!#.3∀#+∀%.3∃ ∋.∃ %∀∃ !#&∋()∗+,+∋∀∋∃ −∃ %∀∃
tgpvcdknkfcf."rgtq"eqp"wpc"fgetgekgpvg"hqtocek„p"
;(6∀/73∗+)∀∃−∃!./3∀6+./∗&∃)#7∗+)&1∃
Rqt"qvtc"rctvg."gn"eqpuwokuoq"guvƒ"ecfc"xg¦"
oƒu"cttckicfq"gp"nc"encug"vtcdclcfqtc0"Rctgekgtc"swg"
%&3∃∀:+∗.3∃∋.%∃6(/∋&∃∀)∗(∀%∃−∃%∀∃∗./∋./)+∀∃∀∃,∀%∀#∃
oƒu"gn"fkpgtq"uqdtg"qvtqu"xcnqtgu"*eqoq"nc"uqnkfctk8
fcf."nc"fkipkfcf"jwocpc."gn"tgurgvq"{"nc"gswkfcf+"
jcegp"swg"ugc"pgeguctkq"vtcdclct" oƒu"{"oƒu"rctc"
!∀:∀#∃∋.(∋∀3∃ −∃ !∀#∀∃ )&6!#∀#∃ 6<3∃ −∃ 6<3=∃ )&6&∃
nq"cfxgtvc"gn"rtgukfgpvg"fg" Wtwiwc{."Lqufi"ÑRgrgÒ"
Owlkec."swkgp"jc" ukfq"pqvkekc" owpfkcn"rqtswg" fg"
uw"uwgnfq"vqoc"uqncogpvg"gn"32'"rctc"xkxkt"{"fqpc"
gn"tguvq" c" qticpk¦cekqpgu" swg" cvkgpfgp"rgtuqpcu"
ogpqu"hcxqtgekfcu0"Gp"nc"cevwcnkfcf."ug"xkxg"gp"wp"
eqpvkpwq"chƒp."fg"wp"nwict"c"qvtq."ug"eqttg"cn"vtcdc8
lq"{"cn"guvwfkq."{"pq"swgfc"vkgorq"rctc"tgàgzkqpct."
−∃6();&∃6./&3∃!∀#∀∃)&/&).#∃%&∃4(.∃3().∋.∃∀∃/+,.%∃
∋.∃%∀3∃∋.)+3+&/.3∃!&%7∗+)∀31∃>3+6+36&5∃./∃?!&)∀∃∋.∃
.%.))+&/.35∃ 3.∃ ∋.)+∋.∃ !∃ %&∃ 4(.∃ /&3∃ ∋+)./∃ %&3∃
6.∋+&35∃!∃ %∀∃+6∀:./∃ ∋.%∃)∀/∋+∋∀∗&5∃ !∃%&∃ 4(.∃
ncu"tgxkuvcu"fg" hctƒpfwnc"fkegp"fg" nqu"ecpfkfcvqu0"
≅&∃;∀−∃∗+.6!&∃∋.∃)&/3(%∗∀#∃!#&:#∀6∀35∃∋.∃#.,+3∀#∃
jqlcu"fg" xkfc." fg"cpcnk¦ct" vtc{gevqtkcu" rqnvkecu"{"
∋.∃3.#,+)+&∃ ∀∃%∀∃ 3&)+.∋∀∋∃∋.∃ ∀4(.%%&3∃4(.∃ ∋.3.∀/∃
#.!#.3./∗∀#∃%&3∃+/∗.#.3.3∃∋.∃%&3∃)+(∋∀∋∀/&3∃−∃∗&6∀#∃
%∀3∃∋.)+3+&/.3∃∗#∀3)./∋./∗∀%.3∃!∀#∀∃%∀∃!&0%∀)+9/1
Α.#&5∃Β%∀∃.∋()∀)+9/∃(/+,.#3+∗∀#+∀∃.3∃(/∃&∀3+3∃
gpvtg"vcpvq"clgvtgqA"½C{wfc"c"hqtoct"ekwfcfcpqu"
q"uqncogpvg"vtcdclcfqtgu"rtqfwevkxqu"gp"uwu"rwgu8
vqu" fg" vtcdclq." rgtq" kipqtcpvgu" rqnvkecogpvgA"
Α∀#∀∃0(3)∀#∃(/∀∃#.3!(.3∗∀∃∀∃.3∗∀3∃!#.:(/∗∀35∃,∀%.∃
%∀∃!./∀∃#.)&/&).#∃4(.∃ %∀∃.∋()∀)+9/∃3.∃ !(.∋.∃./8
∗./∋.#∃ ∋.3∋.∃ ∋&3∃ )&/).!)+&/.3Χ∃ (/∀∃ .∋()∀)+9/∃
rctc"gn"vtcdclq"q" wpc"gfwecek„p"rctc" gn"rtqitguq"
*Eqowpc"Wpkxgtukvctkc."4229+0"Guvc"¿nvkoc"eqpegr8
)+9/∃3.∃0∀3∀∃./∃%∀∃+∋.∀∃∋.∃4(.∃∀%:(/∀3∃(/+,.#3+∋∀8
∋.35∃&∃ ∀%∃ 6./&3∃ ∀%:(/&3∃ ∀)∀∋?6+)&35∃ !#.∗./∋./∃
vtcpuhqtoct" nc" kpuvkvwek„p" dcucfqu" gp" nc" kfgc" fg"
swg" nc" wpkxgtukfcf" gu" hqtocfqtc" fg" etvkec" {"
∋.∃3(!.#∀)+9/∃∋.∃.##.3∃∋.∃∗&∋∀∃)%∀3.5∃!(.3∗&∃4(.∃
3.∃0∀3∀∃./∃.%∃!#+/)+!+&∃∋.∃4(.∃∗&∋&∃%&∃4(.∃.∆+3∗.∃.3∃
korgthgevq"{."rqt"eqpukiwkgpvg."etkvkecdng0"Cu"rwgu."
nc"wpkxgtukfcf"fgdg"hqtoct"rctc"nc"etvkec"{"rctc"nc"
d¿uswgfc"fgn" oglqtcokgpvq"fg" nq"korgthgevq=" gu"
fgekt."hcxqtgegt" nc" vtcpuhqtocek„p." gn" e codkq." gn"
!#&:#.3&1∃ Α∃&∗#∀∃ !∀#∗.5∃ %∀∃ )&/).!)+9/∃ ∋.∃ (/∀∃
gfwecek„p"rctc"gn"vtcdclq."cuqekcfc"c"nc"ogtecpvk8
nk¦cek„p"{"cn"ƒpkoq"fg"nwetq."eqpukfgtc"swg"nc"gfw8
ecek„p"ug" fgdg"egpvtct"gp" hqogpvct"nc" ecrcekfcf"
!∀#∀∃&!.#∀#=∃.3∗&∃.35∃∋.∃6∀/∗./.#∃%∀3∃)&3∀3∃)&6&∃
.3∗1∃Ε∃!∀#∀∃.3&∃/&∃3.∃#.4(+.#.∃∀(∗&/&67∀1∃Φ/∃.3∗∀∃
)&/).!)+9/∃3.∃)&/3+∋.#∀∃)&3∗&3&∃.%∃+/,.3∗+:∀∋∃−∃
gp" ecodkq" ug" hqogpvc" nc" gfwecek„p" c" fkuvcpekc."
%&3∃!∀4(.∗.3∃.∋()∀∗+,&35∃4(.∃)&/∗+././∃!#&0%.6∀3∃
3+.6!#.∃+/69,+%.35∃3∀%+∋∀3∃3+.6!#.∃ .3∗
∀37∃)&6&∃ %∀∃,.#∋∀∋∃ #.,.%∀∋∀∃ .∃+/)(.3∗+&/∀0%.1∃ 2.∃
0(3)∀∃ .%+6+/∀#∃ ∋.∃ %∀∃ /96+/∀∃ ∀∃ ∀)∀∋?6+)&3∃ .∃ +/8
xguvkicfqtgu."korqpkgpfq"nc" gÞekgpekc"dcucfc"gp"
nc"kfgc"fg"rtqfwekt" owejq"c"dclq"equvq rtqfwekt"
vfiepkequ"ecrcegu"fg"qrgtct"c"dclq"equvq"*Eqowpc"
Wpkxgtukvctkc."4229+0"
Γ.∃6∀/.#∀∃)&6!%.6./∗∀#+∀5∃Η∀#∗;∀∃≅(330∀(6∃
.∆!#.3∀∃%&∃3+:(+./∗.Χ
! ∀#!#∃%&∋!()∗+,−.#∋+∗!−/01.∗∃!+)&∃%.−∗∃!
#∋!/2,#33∗!2,#!3/∃!∃∗−.#+/+#∃!+#0∗−)&4
%.−/∃!#∋∃#5/∋!/!∃,∃!678#∋#∃9!(#)∗!∃#!%)/%/!
+#!−/01.∗∃!2,#!/:∋!∋∗!∃#!∃∗0#%.#)∗∋!/!
,∋!/∋&3.∃.∃!()∗;,∋+∗+.∋#4
)∗9!3∗∃!=∃%/+∗∃!∋/−.∗∋/3#∃!>!∃,∃!∃.∃%#0/∃!
+#!#+,−/−.7∋!#∃%&∋! +#∃−/)%/∋+∗!∃.∋!/+4
8#)%.)3∗!−.#)%/∃!/(%.%,+#∃!2,#!∃∗∋!∋#−#∃/4
)./∃!(/)/!0/∋%#∋#)!8.8/!3/!+#0∗−)/−./
#∃%/!%#∋+#∋−./!∃#!()∗3∗∋?/9!3/∃!∋/−.∗∋#∃!
+#!%∗+∗! #3! 0,∋+∗!#∋! 1)#8#! ()∗+,−.)&∋!
!∀
!∀#∃#%∃&∋(∋)∗+,−∀.∃∋/.∗#01∀.∃2!!∀∀#∃%&&∋()∗+∋∗,%−./0%1,%#.0%2,%3435.)6748.,%&+29,%::0%∋9)1(
!∀#∃%#&∋(∃)∗+∋,#−∗+∃∋./∃
!∀#∀∃%&∋(#∀)∗ ∀#+∀∃%)∗ ,∀∗ −./0∋#%)∗ 0+∋1
2∋+%∃∋%)3∗∀#∗ 20!%∃∗ ,∀∗&∋0,%,%#()∗ &%4%2∀)∗
&(#∗ 2%∗ &%5%&∋,%,∗ ,∀∗ 5∀#)%∃∗ 5(∃∗ )6∗ −∋)1
−()3∗5()∀∀∃∗0#%∗−∋∃%,%∗&∃6+∋&%∗)(4∃∀∗2%)∗
+∃%,∋&∋(#∀)∗7∗&(−5∃∀#,∀∃∗ 2%∗∋−5(∃+%#&∋%∗
,∀∗ 2()∗ 2(!∃()∗ 7∗ 2()∗ )08∃∋−∋∀#+()∗ %9∀#():∗
;<=∗>∋&?()∗&%−4∋()∗)∀∗ ∃∀8∋∀∃∀#∗%∗/0∀∗∀#∗
&%)∋∗+(,%)∗2%)∗#%&∋(#∀)∗,∀2∗−0#,(∗)∀∗∀)+.#∗
∀∃∃%,∋&%#,(∗ 2%)∗ −%+∀∃∋% )∗ 7∗ 2%)∗ &%∃∃∀∃%)∗
∃∀2%&∋(#%,%)∗&(#∗2%)∗%∃+∀)∗7∗2%)∗?0−%#∋,%1
,∀)3∗+%#+(∗%∗ #∋≅∀2∗5∃∋−%∃∋(∗ 7∗)∀&0#,%∃∋(3∗
&(−(∗ %∗ #∋≅∀2∗ +∀∃&∋%∃∋(∗ 7∗ 0#∋≅∀∃)∋+%∃∋(:∗
Α(#&∀4∋,%)∗&(−(∗(∃#%−∀#+()∗∋#Β+∋2∀)∗5(∃∗
/0∋∀#∀)∗,∀8∋#∀#∗2%)∗5(26+∋&%)∗∀)+%+%2∀)∗ ∀#∗
0#∗−(−∀#+(∗∀#∗ /0∀∗2%)∗#%&∋(#∀)∗ ,∀4∀#∗
∀2∋−∋#%∃∗+(,(∗2(∗/0∀∗#(∗+∀#!%∗#∋#!0#%∗0+∋1
2∋,%,∗5%∃%∗)∀∃∗&(−5∀+∋+∋≅%)∗∀#∗∀2∗−∀∃&%,(∗
!2(4%23∗∀)+%)∗&%∃∃∀∃%)∗7∗−%+∀∃∋%)∗5∋∀∃,∀#∗
+∀∃∃∀#(∗%∗!∃%#∗≅∀2(&∋,%,3∗+%#+(∗∀#∗2()∗5∃(1
!∃%−%)∗&0∃∃∋&02%∃∀)∗&(−(∗∀#∗2%∗−∀#+∀∗7∗∀2∗
&(∃%Χ∆#∗,∀∗5%,∃∀)∗∀∗?∋9():∗Ε)∗−.)3∗%/0∀22(∗
/0∀∗5(,∃6%−()∗,∀)&∃∋4∋∃∗&(−(∗∀2∗%)5∀&+(∗
?0−%#6)+∋&(∗,∀∗ 2%)∗ &∋∀#&∋%)3∗ ∀)∗,∀&∋∃3∗ ∀2∗
%)5∀&+(∗∃∀2%&∋(#%,(∗ &(#∗ 2%∗∋−%!∋#%&∋∆#3∗
2%∗&∃∀%+∋≅∋,%,∗7∗2%∗∃∋!0∃()∋,%,∗∀#∗∀2∗5∀#)%1
−∋∀#+(∗&∃6+∋&(3∗ +%−4∋Φ#∗∀)+.#∗ 5∀∃,∋∀#,(∗
+∀∃∃∀#(∗∀#∗ 2%∗ −∀,∋,%∗∀#∗ /0∀∗ 2()∗ 5%6)∀)∗
(5+%#∗5(∃∗8(−∀#+%∃∗2%∗∃∀#+%4∋2∋,%,∗%∗&(∃+(∗
52%Χ(∗−∀,∋%#+∀∗∀2∗&02+∋≅(∗,∀∗&%5%&∋,%,∀)∗
0+∋2∋+%∃∋%)∗7∗5∃.&+∋&%)3∗%5+%)∗ 5%∃%∗!∀#∀∃%∃∗
∃∀#+%∗ΓΗ0))4%0−3∗ΙϑΚϑ3∗5:∗ΙϑΛ:
!∀#∃%&∋( )∃( ∗#+,&−( ∗&+&( .#( /∃0)∃/)12#∋(
(
.#−(∗/)∃∗/#−(3(.#(4)∗∃&.&02#∋(−)(,#−#(%)(.#(/∃5)−4/0#∗/6∃(
ekgpvÞec"cn"crtgpfk¦clg"fgn"eqpqekokgpvq"crnkecfq"{"
(
#%)+7−(−)(−∀,1/+)∃(.#−(#14)−∋(.#−(8∀+#∃/%#%)−(3().(
,)∃−#+/)∃4&(∗124/∗&∋(−)()−47(,1/5/.)0/#∃%&().(#,1)∃9
fk¦clg"rctc"igpgtct"xgnq¦ogpvg"guvtcvgikcu" rctc"nc"
qdvgpek„p"fg"tgpvc"*Pwuudcwo."4232."r0"44+0"Pq"ug"
41#4#(%)(%)−∗&∃&∗)1(.#(/+,&14#∃∗/#(%).(∗&∃&∗/+/)∃4&(
#,./∗#%&∋(−/∃&(%)(:∀−∗#1(+)∗#∃/−+&−(,#1#(+#∃4)∃)1(
wpc"hqtocek„p"jwocpuvkec"vcodkfip"u„nkfc."swg"eqp9
vtkdw{c"c"nc"hqtocek„p"fg"nqu"ekwfcfcpqu"kpvgitcngu"
;∀)(4#∃4&( −)(,1)%/∗#( )∃( .#(1)%#∗∗/6∃( %)(.#( +/−/6∃(
%)(%/−4/∃4#−(∀∃/5)1−/%#%)−<
=∗4∀#.+)∃4)(,1)%&+/∃#(∀∃#( ∃∀)5#(∗&∃∗),9
∗/6∃∋(;∀)(0/1#()∃(4&1∃&(%)(.#(1)∃4#:/./%#%(3(;∀)(8# (
fglcfq" fg" ncfq" nc" kfgc" fgn" fgucttqnnq" rgtuqpcn" {"
(
−&∗/#.(:#−#%&()∃(.#(/+#0/∃#∗/6∃(3()∃().(,)∃−#+/)∃4&(
∗124/∗&)(#:#∃%&∃#∃(,17∗4/∗#−(∗&+&(.#(#41/:∀∗/6∃(
%)(,&%)1(−&∗/#.(#(.&−()−4∀%/#∃4)−(+)%/#∃4)(.#(,17∗9
vkec"fgn"ofivqfq"uqetƒvkeq."nc"gzrqukek„p"c"fkhgtgpvgu"
∗∀.4∀1#−∋(3∋(−&:1)(4&%&∋(.#(/∃∗.∀−/6∃(%)(.#(+?−/∗#∋(.#−(
dgnncu"ctvgu."gn"vgcvtq"{"nc"fcp¦c"gp"vqfcu"ncu"ugeekqpgu"
fgn"rtqitcoc" ewttkewnct"*Pwuudcwo." 4232."r0" 44+0"
(
=%)+7−∋(.#()%∀∗#∗/6∃(,#1#(.#(%)+&∗1#∗/#()−(+∀3(%≅9
:/.(3().(/∃4)1≅−(,&1(.#(∗∀.4∀1#(,&.24/∗#()−(:#−4#∃4)()−∗#9
−&.&−(4)+#−(1).#∗/&∃#%&−(∗&∃(.#(,&.24/∗#(
ecwucp"gp"owejqu" l„xgpgu"{"ekwfcfcpqu" cxgtuk„p."
fgurtgekq" q" kpfkhgtgpekc." gp" dwgpc"rctvg" rqtswg"
−)( #−&∗/#( #( .#( ,&.24/∗#( ∗&∃( ∗&11∀,∗/6∃∋( )∃0#Β&∋(
(
)Χ∗.∀−/6∃∋( ≅./4)−( 3( :?−;∀)%#( %).( /∃4)1≅−( ,#14/∗∀.#1(
*Gurc‚c"("Tkxgtc."4234+0"Rqt"uw"rctvg."c"nqu"rqnvkequ"
∗&11∀,4&−(.)−(∗&∃5/)∃)(,1&+&5)1(&( #.(+)∃&−(+#∃9
4)∃)1(∀∃#(5/−/6∃(%)(.#(,&.24/∗#(∗&+&(#.0&(#:∀11/%&(3(
vgfkquq."swg"gu"oglqt"ocpvgpgtnc"gp"uwu"ocpqu."swg"
uqp"nqu"swg"guvƒp"fkurwguvqu"c"ocpglctnc0"Cfgoƒu."
htcugu"eqoq"Ñnqu"l„xgpgu"uqp"gn"hwvwtqÒ"cfqtogegp"c"
wp"rqtegpvclg"ukipkÞecvkxq"fg"gug"ugevqt"fg"nc"uqekg9
fcf."swkgpgu"vgtokpcp"etg{fipfqug"guvc"cÞtocek„p"{"
vqocp"wpc"cevkvwf"rcukxc"htgpvg"c"nc"rqnvkec"{"fglcp"
c"qvtqu"ncu"fgekukqpgu"swg"octectƒp"uw"hwvwtq"{"gn"
%)(.#−(−/0∀/)∃4)−(0)∃)1#∗/&∃)−<
#∃%&∋(%)∃%∗+∃)∃,)∃%−./0∃)∃12+∃&3+∋3,)
*gÞekgpekc+"{"gn"gphqswg"cecffiokeq"
4∃/0∋5356)5∃),3)0%∋7∃+&∋535
=∃4)−(%)(#:&1%#1(%/1)∗4#+)∃4)(.#(4)∃−/6∃()∃41)().(
gphqswg"gortguctkcn"{"gn"cecffiokeq"fg"nc"wpkxgtuk9
%#%∋()−(∃)∗)−#1/&(1)∗&∃&∗)1(;∀)∋(#(,)−#1(%)(;∀)(.#(
)%∀∗#∗/6∃(4/)∃)(.60/∗#−( %/−4/∃4#−()∃(∗&+,#1#∗/6∃(
∗&∃( .#( )+,1)−#∋( ∀∃#( ,17∗4/∗#( 1)∗/)∃4)( )−( 41#)1( #(
.#(.60/∗#(%)(.#()%∀∗#∗/6∃∋(/∃%/∗#%&1)−(%)(.#(.60/∗#(
+)1∗#∃4/.(,#1#()5#.∀#1(.#()%∀∗#∗/6∃(−∀,)1/&1∋(∗&+&(
nc"gÞekgpekc."nc" rtqfwevkxkfcf"q"nc" rgtvkpgpekc0"Nc"
4)∃−/6∃(∃&()−47()∃(.#()Χ/−4)∃∗/#(%)(#.0∀∃&−(/∃%/∗#9
fqtgu."ukpq" gp"nc" ocpgtc" eqoq"guvqu" ug"fgÞpgp0"
Rqt"glgorn q."rctc"gn"ecuq"fg"nc"rgtv kpgpek c."cniwpq u"
!∀
!∀#∃%&%∋()∀)#)%#∗∀∃+%∃%,#∀#!∀#−∃(.%,∋()∀)#∀!%/∀)∀#)%!#0∃(∗1#)%#!−&,1
!∀#∃%&∋()#∗ +,∋∗ ∋∃−)∗ !∀#∃%∃−∋∗ ∋#∗ ∋#∃∋.)(∗ )∗ &∋∃/
gorg‚ctug"gp"wpc" rtqhguk„p"q" gp"wpc" fkuekrnkpc."
∋#∗−)#−∀∗+,∋∗∀−(∀∃∗!(∋∋#∗+,∋∗0)∗1∋(−%#∋#!%)∗%210%!)∗
wpc"hqtocek„p" swg" rgtokvc"fgurngict" gp" nc" xkfc"
3−%0∗ &∋∗ 0)∃∗ 1∋(∃∀#)∃∗ −∀&)∃∗ ∃,∃∗ 1∀−∋#!%)0%&)&∋∃4∗
ÑC"nc"igpvg"ug"ng"fgdg"gpug‚ct"c"crtgpfgt"c"crtgp/
fgt."c"rqfgt"tgncekqpctug."c"ugt"àgzkdng"{"cfcrvctug"
c"ncu"pwgxcu"eqpfkekqpgu0"Gp"ecodkq."wpc"hqtocek„p"
%21∋(−%#∋#−∋∗∋∃∗)+,∋00)∗+,∋∗∃∀0∀∗ ∋#∃∋.)∗1(∀!∋&%/
okgpvqu"tikfquÒ"*Okucu."4234+0
5#∗ !,)#−∀∗ )∗ 0∀∃∗ ∃∋#−%&∀∃∗ &∋∗ 0)∗ ,#%6∋(∃%&)&7∗
gzkuvg"wpc"vgpuk„p"gpvtg"wp"gphqswg"gortguctkcn."swg"
gxcn¿c"ncu"wpkxgtukfcfgu"gp"hwpek„p"fg"nc"gÞekgpekc"{"nc"
tgpvcdknkfcf"Þpcpekgtc"{"wp"gphqswg"cecffiokeq"swg"
xcnqtc"nqu"nqitqu"gp"gswkfcf"*Rcncekqu."3;;7="O¿pgtc."
4223="Okucu." 4223."eqoq" hwgtqp"ekvcfqu" rqt" Rg‚c."
4226."r0";9+0"Eqp"tgurgevq"c"nqu"rtqitcocu."gn"rtkogt"
gphqswg"eqpukfgtc" swg" fgdgp"eg‚ktug" c" ncu"ug‚cngu"
fgn"ogtecfq." okgpvtcu"rctc"gn" ugiwpfq"cÞtoc" swg"
∃∋∗&∋8∋#∗∀(%∋#−)(∗)∗(∋∃∀06∋(∗1(∀80∋2)∃∗&∋∗%#∋+,%&)&∗
xgtvkecn"{"jqtk¦qpvcn9"*Rg‚c."4226."r0"4+:4∗
Gp" tgncek„p" eqp" nq" cpvgtkqt."Okucu" *4234+"
(∋!0)2)∗ 0)∗ !∀#∃%&∋()!%;#∗ &∋∗ 0)∗ ,#%6∋(∃%&)&∗ !∀2∀∗
,#∗0, 1)()∗%#6∋∃−% +,∋∗∃∋∗
swkgtg"eqpqegt."rqt"gn" rncegt"fg"eqpqegt."{" dclq"nc"
%&∋)∗&∋∗&%∃1∀#∋(∗ &∋∗−%∋21∀∗ 0%8(∋∗=∗ 0%8∋()&∀∗&∋∗ 0)∃∗
,(
0%8(∋∗=∗0%8∋()&)∗!∀#∗∋∃)∃∗,(#!%)∃∗=∗∋∃∋∗2,#&∀4∗5#∗
0)∗∀−()∗∀(%00)∗∋∃−>∗∋0∗%#−∋(?∃∗&∋∗0)∗1∀∃−,()∗1(∀1,∋∃−)∗
1∀(∗∋0∗≅∀#∃∋#∃∀∗&∋∗Α)∃Β%#)!∋(!)∗2>∃∗
c"nc"n„ikec"ogtecpvkn."c"nc"rtkxcvk¦cek„p."nc"fgutgiw/
0)!%;#∗=∗0)∗!∀21∋−∋#!%)∗∋#∗0)∗,#%6∋(∃%&)&7∗∋#∗0)∗!,)0∗
∃∋∗!∀#∃%&∋()∗ 1(∀ ∋∃−)∗ 30−%2)∗!∀2∀∗
wpc"gortguc"oƒu."nc"ewcn"guvƒ"hqt¦cfc"c"rngictug"c"
0)∗∋6∀0,!%;#∗∋!∀#;2%!)∗=∗)∗∀8∋&∋!∋(∗0)∃∗∋Χ%
9∗∗∗ ∆)∗%#∋+,%&)&∗6∋(−%!)0∗%210%!)∗+,∋∗,#∗2∋#∀(∗%#
6%∋(−∋∗∋#∗,#∗ ∀8∃−>!,0∀∗1)()∗)!!∋&∋(∗ )∗∋&,!)!%;#∗ ∃,1∋(%∀(∗
fg"ecnkfcf0"Nc"kpgswkfcf"jqtk¦qpvcn"gswkxcng"c"fkuetkokpct"c"
nqu"kpfkxkfwqu"rqt"tc¦qpgu"kttgngxcpvgu."eqoq"ectcevgtuvkecu"
uqekcngu"{"ewnvwtcngu"fkuokngu"*tc¦c."ugzq."etgfq."gpvtg"qvtcu+0"
Nc"fkuetkokpcek„p"vgpftc"ugpvkfq"uk"qdgfgeg"cn"ofitkvq"*Rg‚c."
4226."r0"4+0
4""" Ecdg"cenctct"swg"csw"ug"fgÞgpfg"nc"kfgc"fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"
∃%#∗>#%2∀∗&∋∗0,!(∀7∗1∋(∀∗−)28%?#∗∃%#∗>#%2∀∗&∋∗1?(&%&)∗Ε∀∗
fg"ffiÞekvÐ0"Fgdg"ocpvgpgtug" c"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"cnglcfc" fg"
nc"rtgokuc"gortguctkcn"fg"nc"tgpvcdknkfcf"Þpcpekgtc."rqt"nqu"
ghgevqu"pgicvkxqu"swg"guvc"vkgpg"gp"nc"kpxguvkicek„p"fg"nctiq"
rnc¦q."gp"nc"cwvqpqoc"wpkxgtukvctkc"{"gp"nc"fqegpekc."rgtq"
fgdg"dwuectug"ukgortg"uw"uquvgpkdknkfcf"Þpcpekgtc0
&∋∗ 0∀∃∗ 2∋(!)&∀∃4∗ ∆)∗ ∋!∀#∀2Φ)∗ Β)∗∃%&∀∗ !∀0∀!)&)∗
2>∃∗+,∋∗ #,#!)∗∋#∗ ∋0∗!∋#−(∀∗ &∋∗0)∗ 6%&)∗%#&%6%&,)0∗
=∗ !∀0∋!−%6)Γ∗ 0∀∃∗ 3#%!∀∃∗ 6)0∀(∋∃∗ ∃∀!%)0∋∃∗ 0∋
uqp"nc"gÞecekc"rtqfwevkxc."nc"oqxknkfcf"kpvgngevwcn."
ogpvcn"{"chgevkxc." {"gn" fizkvq"rgtuqpcn"*Ncxcn." 4226."
r0"69+0"Guvq"ug"tgàglc"gp"nqu"cfokpkuvtcfqtgu"cevwc/
0∋∃∗6%#!,0)&∀∃∗)0∗∃∋!−∀(∗ &∋∗0)∗∋&,!)!%;#7∗ 0∀∃∗!,)0∋∃∗
rtgukqpcp"cn"ewgtrq"rtqhguqtcn"rctc"gngxct"ncu"jqtcu"
fg"encug"{"ncu"eqpuwnvqtcu."{"tgfwekt"nqu"vtcdclqu"fg"
%#6∋∃−%
5#∗(∋∃,2∋#7∗0)∗%#∃−%−,!%;#∗∋∃!∀0)(∗,#%6∋(∃%−)(%)∗
1(∀2∀6Φ)∗0)∗∋&,!)!%;#∗∃,1∋(%∀(∗!∀2∀∗!,0−,()∗=∗6)0∀/
()8)∗0)∗)!,2,0)!%;#∗&∋∗!∀#∀!%2%∋#−∀4∗Η&∋2>∃7∗−∋#Φ)∗
eqoq"qdlgvkxqu"ÑenƒukequÒ"nc"gocpekrcek„p"rqnvkec"{"
nc"tgcnk¦cek„p"rgtuqpcn0"Ukp"godctiq."guvqu"ug"jcp"kfq"
uwuvkvw{gpfq"rqt"nqu"korgtcvkxqu"rtkqtkvctkqu"fg"nc"/
!)!%)∗1(∀&,!−%6)∗=∗0)∗%#∃∋(!%;#∗0)8∀()0∗!∀2∀∗(∋∃,0−)&∀∗
&∋∗0)∃∗0;∋#∗∋0∗2,#&∀∗∋&,!)−%6∀7∗0∀∗
+,∋∗%210%!)∗0)∗−()#∃2,−)!%;#∗1(∀−∀&∀∃∗0∀∃∗
6)0∀(∋∃∗∋#∗∋0∗∃∀0∀∗6)0∀(∗∋!∀#;2%!∀Γ∗∋∃∗&∋!%(7∗6)0∀()∗0)∗
)!,2,0)!%;#∗&∋∗!)1%−)0∗=∗0)∗%#6∋∃−%∀8−∋#∋(∗
crnkecekqpgu"eqogtekcnk¦cdngu0"Nc"wpkxgtukfcf"swg"ug"
rgtÞnc"ug" rctgeg" oƒu"c" wpc" gortguc"cn" ugtxkekq" fg"
kpvgtgugu"fkxgtuqu"{"fg"wpc"cornkc"ÑenkgpvgncÒ"*Ncxcn."
4229." r0" 48+." swg" xcnqtc" oƒu" nc" gÞekgpekc" swg" nqu"
0∀
∃∀!%)0∗&∋∗0)∗,#%6∋(∃%&)&4∗
#∃%&∋(%)∗+,∋∃−%+).)/+01%∋232)3/3240∋/3)
1%∋5∃−&∋63−∋3
Ι#)∗1(∋∋∃−∋∗)!>1%−∋∗1,∋&∋∗
∃∋(ϑ∗Κ!;2∀∗∃%∋#−∋#∗0∀∃∗Λ∀8%∋(#∀∃∗)∗0)∗,#%6∋(∃%&)&7∗
rtkpekrcnogpvg"nc"r¿dnkecA"Okgpvtcu"swg"nc"eqow/
#%&)&∗)!)&?2%!)∗&∋∗0)∗,#%6∋(∃%&)&∗#∀∗+,%∋(∋∗∃∋(∗∋0∗
dtc¦q"cecffiokeq"fg"nqu"Iqdkgtpqu."ukpq"oƒu"dkgp"
∃,∗!∀#!%∋#!%)∗!(Φ−%!)7∗∋0∗Λ∀8%∋(#∀∗∃%∋#−∋∗0)∗ ,#%6∋(/
∃%&)&∗ !∀#∗ %#!∀2∀&%&)&7∗ 1∀(+,∋∗ !∀#∃%&∋()∗ +,∋∗
#∀∗0∋∗∃%(6∋∗1)()∗∋0∗&∋∃)((∀00∀∗&∋∗∃,∗10)#∗&∋∗
#%∗1)()∗,8%!)(∗∋0∗1)Φ∃∗∋#∗∋0∗∋∃!∋#)(%∀∗2,#&%)04∗Ι#)∗
fg"ncu"eqpugewgpekcu"fg"guvc" vgpuk„p"ug"tgàglc"gp"
nc" fguÞpcpekcek„p" fg" ncu" wpkxgtukfcfgu" r¿dnkecu."
0∀∗ !,)0∗ ∋∃∗ (∋0)−%6)2∋#−∋∗ !∀21(∋#∃%80∋ϑ∗ 1)()∗ ,#∗
rqnvkeq" gu" ow{" fkhekn" crtqdctng" wp" rtguwrwguvq"
!∀
!∀#∃#%∃&∋(∋)∗+,−∀.∃∋/.∗#01∀.∃2!!∀∀#∃%&&∋()∗+∋∗,%−./0%1,%#.0%2,%3435.)6748.,%&+29,%::0%∋9)1(
!∀#∃%#&∋(∃)∗+∋,#−∗+∃∋./∃
ukipkÞecvkxq"c"swkgp"vkgpg"rqt"qdlgvq"ewguvkqpctng"
!∀#∃%&∋()#∗#!∀#+)(∋,−)∃∋.)./#01#21(2,3#)∃&∀−,!#.1#
1∃∃,!#(,−!∋.1+)−#4∀1#∃)!#∀−∋51+!∋.).1!#.161+7)−#,68
91−1+#!∀!#+1(∀+!,!#:,+#(∀1−9)#:+,:∋)#∗#−,#()+&)+∃1#
)∃# ;!9).,# 1∃# :1!,# .1# !∀#
wpkxgtukfcf."eqoq"qewttg"eqp"ncu"hwgt¦cu"ctocfcu."
rqt"glgornq."rtguvc"wp"ugtxkekq"r¿dnkeq"fg"cnvq"pkxgn"
)#9,.)#∃)#(,∋#!1#∃1#
gzkikgtc"c"ncu"hwgt¦cu"ctocfcu"eqpugiwkt"uwu"rtqrkqu"
+1(∀+!,!3#!1#(,−51+9∋+7)−#1−# :)+)
pghcuvcu"eqpugewgpekcu" swg" gnnq" eqpnngxc" rctc" nc"
!,(∋1.)./#>∋#!1#∃1#1?∋&1#)#∃)!#∀−∋51+!∋.).1!#∃,#
!1#()!9+)#∃)#(,−(∋1−(∋)# (+79∋()#4∀1#1∃∃)#+1:+1!1−9)3#
gpvtg"qvtqu"ghgevqu"pgicvkxqu."chgevcpfq"c"ogfkc8
pq"{"nctiq"rnc¦q"nc"fgoqetcekc"{"nc"uqekgfcf"gp"uw"
eqplwpvq0"Gp"ecodkq."wpc"uqekgfcf"ew{c"rqdncek„p"
vgpic"wpc" oc{qt"hqtocek„p" gp"ewnvwtc" rqnvkec" {"
(∋∀.).)−7)#:)+9∋(∋:)# 1−#:+,(1!,!#.18
equ."gnkig"oglqt"c"uwu"iqdgtpcpvgu."gzkig"tguwnvcfqu"
∗#(∀<: class="_ _0">)#∃,!#:,∃79∋(,!#1∃1&∋.,!3#(,<:>
oglqt"e„oq"hwpekqpc"gn"Guvcfq"{"e„oq"crtqxgejct"
oglqt"ncu"rqnvkecu"r¿dnkecu."gpvtg"qvtcu"xgpvclcu0
01#9,.)!# )4∀7# 1?:+1!)+#∀−)#
etvkec"c"nc"wpkxgtukfcf." rwgu"c"xgegu" ng"jceg"hcnvc"
oc{qt"fkpcokuoq"rctc"tgcnk¦ct"nqu"ecodkqu"guvtwe8
9∀+)∃1!#,#+).∋()∃1!#+14∀1+∋.,!#:,+#1∃#(,−91?9,#,#:,+#
∃)!#(∋+(∀−!9)−(∋)!#2∋!9%+∋()!#∗#!,(∋)∃1!/#Α−)#9,.1#
.1(∋!∋,−1!#:)4∀∋.Β+∗#∀−#1−(∃)∀!9+)
uw"vqttg"fg"octÞn."swg"nc" cnglc"fg"ncu"pgegukfcfgu"
+1)∃1!#.1# ∃)#!,(∋1.).3# !,−#)∃&∀−)!# (+79∋()!# 4∀1#∃)#
)().Β1−#(∀1−9)#
:)+)# !∀:1+)+∃)!# ∗# !1+# ∀−# )(9,+# .191+
.1!)++,∃∃,#.1#∃)#!,(∋1.)./#=,+#,9+)#:)+913#∃)#()∃∋.).#
gpvtg"wpkxgtukfcfgu" fkÞgtg" pqvcdngogpvg." rqt" nq"
4∀1#1!# −1(1!)+∋,# 4∀1# )∃&∀−)!# .1# 1∃∃)!# 91−&)−# ∃)#
fgekuk„p" rqnvkec" fg" uwrgtct" gucu" fkÞewnvcfgu" c"
vtcxfiu"fg"oglqtcokgpvqu"ftƒuvkequ"gp"rncpgcek„p."
:+1!∀:∀1!9,#∗#1?∋&1−(∋)#)().Β
:)!)+#.1#∃)# <1+∋9,(+)(∋)#):)+1−91# )#∃)# <1+∋9,(+)8
ekc"vtcpurctgpvg"{"tgeqpqegt"gp"nqu"rtqhguqtgu" wp"
hcevqt"encxg" fg" nc" ecnkfcf0" Gu" pgeguctkq"gpvqpegu"
kfgpvkÞect"cswgnnqu" ocnqu" jƒdkvqu" swg"vkgpgp" ncu"
wpkxgtukfcfgu" {" vtcdclct" fg" ocpgtc" ogv„fkec" {"
ekgpvÞec"rctc"uwrgtctnqu."crtqxgejcpfq"fqu"hqtvc8
ng¦cu"fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf
:)+)#∃)# ∋−51!9∋&)(∋%−#∗# ∃)#!,∃∀(∋%−# .1#:+,6∃1
#
Ug"tgswkgtg"ocpvgpgt"c"nc"wpkxgtukfcf" cnglcfc"fgn"
ƒpkoq"fg"nwetq."fcfq"swg"uw"okuk„p"fkÞgtg"tcfkecn8
ogpvg"fg"nq"swg"dwuecp"guvg"vkrq"qticpk¦cekqpgu."
:1+,#9)<6∋Β−#1?1−9)#.1#)4∀1∃∃,!#4∀1#
!1#(,−5∋1+91−#1−#1?(∀!)!#:)+)#4∀1#)∃&∀−,!#)(9,+1!3#
4∀1#9∋1−1−#():)(∋.).#.1#.1(∋!∋%−#!,6+1#91
:,∃79∋()#:Χ6∃∋()3#∋−91−91−#∋−!1+9)+#)#∃)#∀−∋51+!∋.).#
1−#∃)#∃%&∋()#.1#∃)#:+,.∀(9∋5∋.).3#∃)#(,<:191>
gÞekgpekc"{"gn"kpfkxkfwcnkuoq."cn"swg"guvƒp"uqogvk8
.)!#∃)!#1<:>
#∃%&∋(%)∗+,−∗.∃,)/0,1∋&.+)2&3)∗+,−∗.∃,)%0)
/0,1∋&.+)1∃)4+)5%∋2∃,&∋1+1)
Wpc"ectcevgtuvkec"egpvtcn"fg"hqtocu"ecrkvcnkuvcu"fg"
:+,.∀((∋%−# (,−!∋!97)# 1−# ∋−9+,.∀(∋+#∋−−,5)(∋,−1!#
vgepqn„ikecu" swg" tgornc¦cdcp" hcevqtgu" ogpqtgu"
.1#:+,.∀((∋%−# ∗#)!7# 1∃15)+#∃)# :+,.∀(9∋5∋.).#1−# ∃)#
1∃)6,+)(∋%−#.1#∀−#:+,.∀(9,#,#!1+5∋(∋,#∗3#:,+#1−.13#
+1.∀(∋+#∃,!#(,!9,!#.1#:+,.∀((∋%−#.1#1!1#6∋1−#,#!1+8
xkekq0"Rqt"glgornq."uk"wpc"gpucodncfqtc" uwuvkvw{g"
,6+)# :,+# +,6,9!# .1# 1−!)<6∃13# −,+8
ogpvg"dwuec" gngxct" gn"tkvoq" fg" rtqfweek„p"*uk" nc"
tgncek„p"octikpcn" fg"nqu" hcevqtgu"gu"fgetgekgpvg+."
tgfwekgpfq"nqu"equvqu"fg"rtqfweek„p"*Okucu."4234+0"
;−#∃)#:+∋<1+)# 1∃#−,+91)8
ogtkecpq"Jgpt{"Hqtf" nqit„"tgfwekt"pqvcdngogpvg"
1∃# :+1(∋,# .1# 51−9)# .1# ∃,!# 5127(∀∃,!# &+)(∋)!# )# ∃)#
+1.∀((∋%−#.1#(,!9,!#)9+∋6∀∋6∃1#)#∃)#:+,.∀((∋%−#1−#
npgc" *kppqxcek„p" vgepqn„ikec" tgncekqpcfc" eqp" nc"
cfokpkuvtcek„p" ekgpvÞec" fg" Htgfgtkem"Y0" Vc{nqt+."
rctc"nc"ocukÞecek„p"fg"nc"rtqfweek„p"{"gn"crtqxg8
ejcokgpvq"fg" geqpqocu"fg" guecnc0"Rqt" glgornq
½ewƒn" gu" nc" fkhgtgpekc" gpvtg" eqortct" 32" icnqpgu"
fg" rkpvwtc" q" eqortct" 322" icnqpgu" fg"rkpvwtcA"
#
;∃#(,!9,#:,+#∀−∋.)./#Ε#()−9∋.).#(,<: class="_ _0">3#1∃##
equvq"rqt"icn„p"ugtƒ"ogpqt0"Ncu"hƒdtkecu"nq"ucdgp"
∗#):+,51(2)−#)!7#∃)!#1(,−,<7)!#.1#1!()∃)/#Φ>∀(1.1#
nq"okuoq"eqp"nc"gfwecek„p"uwrgtkqt"swg"qhtgegp"ncu"
wpkxgtukfcfguA"½Rwgfgp"guvcu"crtqxgejct"vcodkfip"
ncu"geqpqocu"fg"guecncA"
>∀+&1#)4∀7# ,9+)#91−!∋%−# .1−9+,# .1#∃,!# !1−8
vkfqu" fg" nc" wpkxgtukfcf
cniwpqu" fgÞgpfgp" *cswgnnqu" swg" dwuecp" tgfwekt"
!∀
!∀#∃%&%∋()∀)#)%#∗∀∃+%∃%,#∀#!∀#−∃(.%,∋()∀)#∀!%/∀)∀#)%!#0∃(∗1#)%#!−&,1
nqu"equvqu"fgn"hwpekqpcokgpvq"fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"c"
rctvkt"fg"nc"ocukÞecek„p"fg"nc"gfwecek„p+."htgpvg"cn"
!∀#∃%∋(&∃%)∗+&∗ )%,)−∗#.%),&−∗ /0&∗ !∀#∃%∃∗0∃∗
ectƒevgt"pq"hqtfkuvc"fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf0"Guvqu"¿nvkoqu"
#,10∋&∃%#∃∗/0&∗∀)−∗.)−%)−∗+&∗∀#∗&+0.#.(2∃∗−0!&3
,(),∗+&∗.#∀(+#+∗∃)∗−)∃∗+&.,&.(&∃%&−4∗5−%)−∗−6∗∀)∗−)∃∗
&∃∗0∃#∗&+0.#.(2∃∗−0!&,(),∗7#−#+#∗&∃∗ ∀#∗+).&∃.(#∗
ukp"kpxguvkicek„p." eqp" cnvc" ectic"fg" gpug‚cp¦c" c"
fkuvcpekc"{"wpc"nkokvcfc"htceek„p"fg"rtqhguqtgu"fg"
vkgorq"eqorngvq"qdnkicfqu"c"gpug‚ct."rqt"glgornq."
−&(−∗.0,−)−∗!),∗−&∋&−%,&4∗8)∀)∗#−6∗!0&+&∗&9!∀(.#,−&∗
/0&∗:#;#∗(∃−%(%0.()∃&−∗+&∗&+0.#.(2∃∗−0!&,(),∗.)∃∗
&+0.#.(2∃∗ −0!&,(),∗
−)∀)∗!)+,6#∃∗(,∗+&∗∀#∗∋#∃)∗ −(∗,&∃0∃.(#,#∃∗#∗%)+#−∗
ncu"hwpekqpgu"fkuvkpvcu"c"nc"fqegpekc"gngogpvcn"{"c"
nc"cfokpkuvtcek„p"fg"ncu"icpcpekcu"*Ucnc¦ct."4233+0"
>
&+0.#.(2∃∗+&∗.#∀(+#+∗%(&∃&∗.)−%)−∗∋#,1(∃#∀&−∗.,&3
ekgpvgu0"Gn" equvq" octikpcn"etgekgpvg" ukipkÞec" swg"
−&∗%(&∃&∗/0&∗(∃.0,,(,∗&∃∗0∃∗.)−%)∗ ∋#;),∗#∗∋&+(+#∗
swg"ug"xc"cxcp¦cpfq"gp"nc"kppqxcek„p."gp"nqu"fgu3
.07,(∋(&∃%)−∗&∃∗.(&∃.(#∗;∗%&.∃)∀)16#?∗;∗&∃∗∀#∗.#∀(+#+∗
fg"nqu"fqevqtcfqu0"Gp"nc"hqtocek„p"fg"fqevqtgu"pq"
:#;∗&.)∃)∋6#−∗ +&∗&−.#∀#4∗ ≅)+)∗∀)∗.)∃%,#,()4∗ Α∃#∗
vguku" fg" gzegngpekc." rqt" glgornq." tgswkgtg" oƒu"
+&+(.#.(2∃∗#∗∋&+(+#∗/0&∗&∀∗.)∃).(∋(&∃%)∗−&∗:#.&∗
oƒu"eqornglq0"Nc"gfwecek„p"{" nc"kpxguvkicek„p"fg"
.#∀(+#+∗%(&∃&∃∗.)−%)−∗∋#,1(∃#∀&−∗.,&.(&∃%&−4∗5∃∗∀)−∗
!#6−&−∗+&−#,,)∀∀#+)−?∗∀#∗(∃Β&−%(1#.(2∃∗+&∗ !0∃%#∗−&∗
tgcnk¦c"eqp"tgewtuqu"r¿dnkequ"cdwpfcpvgu"*Iqp¦ƒng¦"
("Dqpknnc."4233+0"Ncu"wpkxgtukfcfgu"r¿dnkecu"pq"ug"
clwuvcp"cn"ectƒevgt"hqtfkuvc"fg"ncu"hƒdtkecu."rwguvq"
/0&∗&∃∗∀#∗∋&+(+#∗&∃∗/0&∗(∃.,&∋&∃%&∃∗∀#∗.#∀(+#+∗+&∗
nqu"rtqhguqtgu."qhtgegp"pkxgngu"fg"hqtocek„p"fg"oc3
{qt"ecnkfcf."dtkpfcp"hqtocek„p"fqevqtcn"{"oglqtcp"
kphtcguvtwevwtc."dkdnkqvgecu"{"ncdqtcvqtkqu."ucng"oƒu"
equvquq"nc"hqtocek„p"rtqhgukqpcn"rqt"guvwfkcpvg0"Gu"
fgekt."c"fkhgtgpekc"fg"ncu"hƒdtkecu."nc"kpvtqfweek„p"fg"
(∃∃)Β#.()∃&−∗Χ/0&∗−)∃∗∃&.&−#,(#−?∗,&.)∋&∃+#7∀&−∗
;∗+&−∀&−∗!#,#∗&∀&Β#,∗∀#∗.#∀(+#+Χ∗&∃∗∀#∗&+0.#.(2∃∗
−0!&,(),∗∃)∗,&+0.&∗ ∀)−∗.)−%)−?∗−(∃)∗ /0&∗∀)−∗ (∃.,&3
ogpvc"*Okucu."4234+0
Tgeqpqegt" q" pq" wp" ectƒevgt" hqtfkuvc" fg" nc"
0∃(Β&,−(+#+∗!&,∋(%&∗−0!)∃&,∗&∀∗%(!)∗+&∗0∃(Β&,−(+#+∗
swg"ug"fgugc"vgpgtwpc"wpkxgtukfcf"fg"dclc"ecnkfcf"
*fgfkecfc"¿pkecogpvg"c"nc"fqegpekc."ukp"kpxguvkic3
ek„p."swg"rgtekdg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"eqoq"wpc"hƒdtkec"
+&∗!,)+0..(2∃∗&∃∗−&,(&?∗#−).(#+#∗1&∃&,#∀∋&∃%&∗#∀∗
ƒpkoq"fg"nwetq+"q"wpc"wpkxgtukfcf"fg"cnvc"ecnkfcf"
*kpxguvkicek„p."hqtocek„p"fg"cnvq"pkxgn"fg"uwu"rtq3
hguqtgu."oglqt"kphtcguvtwevwtc."gvefivgtc+0
#∃%&∋(∋%&)∋∗%+∃∗,∗)∋%&−&./,)0∃&
%∋∗)+#∃%∋&1,&/∗+2∋0%+#,#
∆&−+&∗∀#∗ !&,−!&.%(Β#∗ +&∗ ∀#∗ 0∃(Β&,−(+#+∗ .)∋)∗ (∃−%(3
vwek„p"uqekcn."Rcttc"Oqtgpq"*4227+"tgewgtfc"swg"ncu"
0∃(Β&,−(+#+&−∗∋&+(&Β#∀&−∗−0,1(&,)∃∗+&∗∀#∗−).(&+#+∗;∗
!#,#∗&∀∀#4∗Ε!#,&.(&,)∃∗.)∋)∗.)∃−&.0&∃.(#∗+&∀∗+&−&)∗
(∃∃#%)∗+&∀∗:)∋7,&∗+&∗#!,&∃+&,?∗+&∗70−.#,∗∀#∗Β&,+#+∗
{."c"nc" xg¦."fg"jcegt"c" nqu"fgoƒu"rctvekrgu"fg"nqu"
.)∃).(∋(&∃%)−∗#+/0(,(+)−Φ∗ #−6∗.)∋)∗ +&∀∗&−!6,(%0∗ +&∗
.))!&,#.(2∃?∗+&∗−0∗%&∃+&∃.(#∗#∗#−).(#,−&∗!#,#∗.)∋3
rctvkt"nqu"ucdgtgu"rctvkewnctgu."{"fg"cnecp¦ct."cn"ogpqu"
.)∃∗.(&,%#∗#!,)9(∋#.(2∃?∗&∀∗−#7&,∗0∃(Β&,−#∀4∗Γ),∗)%,#∗
rctvg."Qtq¦eq"*4232+"eqpukfgtc"swg"wpc"gfwecek„p"fg"
pkxgn"uwrgtkqt"gu"cswgnnc"swg"hqtoc"c"uwu"guvwfkcpvgu"
eqp"dcugu"ekgpvÞecu."jwocpuvkecu"{"ogvqfqn„ikecu0"
C" uw" xg¦." fkhgtgpvgu" gzrgtvqu" gp" gn" vgoc"
fg" nc" gfwecek„p" uwrgtkqt" eqkpekfgp" gp" cÞtoct"
/0&∗ ∀)−∗ &−%0+()−∗ 0∃(Β&,−(%#,()−?∗ #+&∋
tgeqpqekfqu" eqoq" nc" oglqt" xc" rctc" fkuokpwkt"
nc" kpgswkfcf" uqekcn." uqp" vcodkfip" hcevqt" fgvgt3
∋(∃#∃%&∗ +&∗ +&−#,,)∀∀)∗ +&∗ ∀)−∗ !0&7∀)−4∗ 5∃∗ &−%&∗
ugpvkfq." Ucncu" Xgncueq"*422:+" eqpukfgtc" swg" nc"
gfwecek„p" vtcg" dgpgÞekqu" kpfkxkfwcngu" *eqttg3
∀#.(2∃∗ !)−(%(Β#∗ &∃%,&∗ ∃(Β&∀∗ &+0.#%(Β)∗ ;∗ #−!&.%)−∗
eqoq"qrqtvwpkfcfgu"fg"gorngq."oglqtgu"ucnctkqu."
oglqt"guvcfq"fg"ucnwf."crvkvwfgu"cfokpkuvtcvkxcu"
tcekqpcngu."gpvtg"qvtqu+"{" uqekcngu."q"gzvgtpcnkfc3
fgu"rqukvkxcu" *wpc" oc{qt" gfwecek„p" hcxqtgeg" nc"
(∃+&!&∃+&∃.(#∗ ;∗ ∀#∗ ∀(7&,%#+∗ +&∗ !&∃−#∋(&∃%)?∗
nc"gÞekgpekc"{"gn"etgekokgpvq"fg"nc"geqpqoc."og3
∃),∗+&∀(∃.0&∃.(#?∗ ∋#;),∗ ,&.#0+)∗ +&∗(∋!0&−%)−?∗
∋#;),∗!#,%(.(!#.(2∃∗−).(#∀∗&∃∗∀)−∗#−0∃%)−∗!Η7∀(.)−?∗
gpvtg"qvtqu+0"
Rgug" c" nc u" chktoce kqpgu" cp vgtkqtgu ." fgdg"
%&∃&,−&∗ &∃∗ .0&∃%#∗ /0&∗ ∀#∗ 7Η−/0&+#∗ +&∗ ∀#∗ Β&,+#+?∗
nc" hqtocek„p" fg" guvwfkcpvgu" eqp" dcugu" ekgpvÞecu."
:0∋#∃6−%(.#−∗ ;∗ ∋&%)+)∀21(.#−?∗ #−6∗ .)∋)∗ ∀#∗
!∀
!∀#∃#%∃&∋(∋)∗+,−∀.∃∋/.∗#01∀.∃2!!∀∀#∃%&&∋()∗+∋∗,%−./0%1,%#.0%2,%3435.)6748.,%&+29,%::0%∋9)1(
!∀#∃%#&∋(∃)∗+∋,#−∗+∃∋./∃
!∀#∃%&∋(∋) ∋) ∋∗!+!(∋∀,∃) ∋) −∋) +#,+∋) ,#%) ∗.∃,!/
%∋+#∃%&!,0) ∋) ∋1−#∗∋∀) ∋∗∀2∗∋+∃%&∃) −!,) ,#,&∃+∋,0)
+!(∃−!,)3)1∀!∗∃(#+#∃%&!,)4.∃)−∃)−−∃5∋%)(∃−)∃6&∃∀#!∀0)
!)1.∃(∃)∀∃∗!%!∗∃∀)−∋)%∃∗∃,#(∋()(∃)∋(∋1&∋∗#7%)∋)−∋)
inqdcnk¦cek„p."rgtq"cvtgxgtug"c"ewguvkqpct"uwu"rqu/
&.−∋(!,0)∋)∀∃∗!%!∗∃∀) ,.)∗.−&.∀∋)3) ,.,)∗!%(#∗#!%∃,)
−!∗∋−∃,)∋%&∃,)(∃)∋∗∃1&∋∀)1−∃%∋+∃%&∃)−!) 4.∃)8#∃%∃)
fg" hwgtc" fg" uw" gpvqtpq" {" crnkectnq" ekgicogpvg"
*O¿pgtc." 4234+0" Nc" ukiwkgpvg" Þiwtc" tgrtgugpvc"
guvqu"fqu"glgu"vgpukqpcpvgu"{"gn"vkrq"fg"kpuvkvwek„p"
swg"tgàglcp"nqu"ewcvtq"ugpvkfqu"fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf0
Rtgekucogpvg."O¿pgtc" *4229+" cfxkgtvg" swg"
∃,&9%)∋1∋∀∃∗#∃%(!)!&∀!)!)(∃)#%,&.∗#!%∃,)(#,%/
&∋,)∋)−∋).%#8∃∀,#(∋(),#%)9%#+!)(∃)−.∗∀!0)∃−−∋,)∃,&9%)
fgfkecfcu"c"nc"igpgtcek„p."vtcpuokuk„p"{" fkhwuk„p"
(∃−)∗!%!∗#+#∃%&!) ∋∗∋(:+#∗!0)&∋−∃,) ∗!+!)−∋,) ∃+/
1∀∃,∋,)&∀∋%,%∋∗#!%∋−∃,)(∃) ∃(.∗∋∗#7%),.1∃∀#!∀0)−∋,)
.%#8∃∀,#(∋(∃,)∗!∀1!∀∋∋,) 3)−∋,) #%,&.∗#!%∃,)1!∀)
htcpswkekc0"
;∋,) ∃+1∀∃,∋,) &∀∋%,%∋∗#!%∋−∃,) (∃) ∃(.∗∋/
∗#7%),.1∃∀#!∀) 1∃∀,#5.∃%) ∃−) 9%#+!) (∃) −.∗∀!) (∃%&∀!)
fgn" ogtecfq" inqdcn" gfwecvkxq" {" hwpekqpcp" eqoq"
.%∋) ∀∃() &∀∋%,%∋∗#!%∋−) (∃) #%,&.∗#!%∃,) (∃) ∃(./
∗∋∗#7%) ,.1∃∀#!∀
ukorngogpvg" nc" nkdgtcnk¦cek„p" fgn" ogtecfq" fg" nc"
)
gfwecek„p"uwrgtkqt."gpvgpfkfc"eqoq"wp"dgpgÞekq"
(∃) −∋) #%(∃1∃%(∃%∗#∋) 3) −#>∃∀&∋() (∃) 1∃%,∋+#∃%&!0)
1.∃(∃%)8∋∀#∋∀)(∃) ∋∗.∃∀(!)∋) −∋)∀∃−∋∗#7%) (∃)−∋) .%#/
xgtukfcf"eqp"nc"inqdcnk¦cek„p."cu"eqoq"fg"cewgtfq"
∋)−∋)8#,#7%)4.∃)∃%):,&∋),∃)&∃%5∋)(∃)−∋)(!∗∃%∗#∋
fgekt."cwpswg"ug" tgeqpq¦ec" swg" gp" nc"cevwcnkfcf"
ncu"wpkxgtukfcfgu" fgn"owpfq" gpvgtq"ug" gphtgpvcp"
eqp"itcpfgu"tgvqu."vcngu"eqoq"nc"inqdcnk¦cek„p."wpc"
∗!+1∃&∃%∗#∋)∗∀∃∗#∃%&∃0)−∋,)%.∃8∋,) &∃∗%!−!52∋,)(∃)
)
−∋) ,!∗#∃(∋() (∃−) ∗!%!∗#+#∃%&!) !) %.∃8!,) !,))
fg"guvwfkcpvgu"*Rwnkfq."4229+."nc"wpkxgtukfcf"{"uwu"
(#∀∃∗∋,)1.∃(∃%) !∀#∃%&∋∀) ,.) ∋∗∗#!%∋∀)∃%) ∗.∋&∀!)
,∃%(!,)(#,%&!,0)(∃1∃%(#∃%(!) 1∀∃∗#,∋+∃%&∃)(∃)
−∋)∀∃−∋∗#7%)4.∃)(∃∗#(∋%) &∃%∃∀)∗!%)∃,&!,) ∀∃&!,
glg" vgpukqpcpvg" guvƒ" tgncekqpcfq" eqp" gn" glgtekekq"
(∃) −∋) (!∗∃%∗#∋≅) ∃−) !&∀!0) ∗!%) −∋) +∋%∃∀∋) ∗!+!) ,∃)
cdqtfg"nc" inqdcnk¦cek„p0"Gp" ewcpvq" cn"glg" xgtvkecn"
*xgt"Þiwtc"3+."nc"wpkxgtukfcf"rwgfg"qrvct"rqt"eqp/
ukfgtct"swg"uw" hwpek„p"fg" fqegpekc"gu" uqncogpvg"
rtqfwekt"hwgt¦c"fg" vtcdclq"¿vkn" rctc"ncu" gortgucu"
w"qhtgegt"wpc"hqtocek„p"swg" rgtokvc"c"uwu"dgpg/
Þekctkqu"fgucttqnnct" nc"ecrcekfcf" fg"tgeqpqegt" uw"
∃%&!∀%!) 3) ∀∃∗!%!∗∃∀,∃) ∗!+!) ∋∗&!∀∃,) ∋∗!,) (∃−)
okuoq0"Tgurgevq"fgn"glg"jqtk¦qpvcn."nc"wpkxgtukfcf"
rwgfg"cfqrvct"htgpvg"c"nc"inqdcnk¦cek„p"wpc"rquvwtc"
Hkiwtc"30"
Fqu"glgu"vgpukqpcpvgu"{"ewcvtq"ugpvkfqu"fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf
Hwgpvg
Α%,&.∗#!%∃,)1∀!(.∗&!∀∋,)(∃)
,∃%(!,),!∗#∋−∃,)3),!∗#∃&∋−∃,)
Α%,&.∗#!%∃,)∃%)
(!%(∃)1∀∃8∋−∃∗∃)−∋)
vtcpuhqtocek„p"{"nc"
kppqxcek„p"etvkec"htgpvg"
cn"gpvqtpq"{"htgpvg"c"nc"
inqdcnk¦cek„p
Α%,&.∗#!%∃,)∃%)(!%(∃)
1∀∃8∋−∃∗∃)−∋)∋(∋1&∋∗#7%)
g"kppqxcek„p"hwpekqpcngu"
∋−)∃%&!∀%!
Kpuvkvwekqpgu"hqtocfqtcu"fg"
hwgt¦c"fg"vtcdclq"{"fg"rtqfwekt"
+∃∀∗∋%∗2∋,)∗!5%#∋,
!∀#∃%&∋()&∗+∃∗(∋(
,∋(−,∀.∋,/0∋1/2+
3%+1/2+(4∗((
,∋(4∀1∗+1/∋
!∀
!∀#∃%&%∋()∀)#)%#∗∀∃+%∃%,#∀#!∀#−∃(.%,∋()∀)#∀!%/∀)∀#)%!#0∃(∗1#)%#!−&,1
!∀#∃%∃&∋()∗)+#)%,!−.#−%)/%∃&%)!0,−!+%+)∃1()2(&01)
∀!)3#∃−14) 51−0%30!(.!6) ∃10,−%() &(+.&.#∃&1(!+) ∗%)
%∃−!∀&.%∀%+)∗) ∃1() ,−17−%0 %+) %,−18%∀1+6) !() !33%+)
tgcnk¦cp" nqu" clwuvgu" pgeguctkqu" rctc" ictcpvk¦ct" nc"
tgpvcdknkfcf" geqp„okec" {" qtkgpvcp" uw" hqtocek„p"
/%∃&%) !3) 0!−∃%∀1) 3%81−%36) 3%+) (#!9%+) .!∃(1317:%+)
fg"nc"kphqtocek„p"{"nc"hqtocek„p"dknkpi¯g0"Rqt"qvtc"
rctvg."ncu"wpkxgtukfcfgu"eqtrqtcvkxcu"*q"wpkxgtukfc;
fgu" fg" gortgucu+." swg" uqp" egpvtqu" fg" gfwecek„p"
+#,!−&1−) 9&(∃#3%∀1+) 1−72(&∃%0!(.!) ∃1() !0,−!+%+)
fg"fkhgtgpvg"vkrq" *eqoq"Eqnuƒpkvcu" gp"Eqnqodkc" w"
1.−%+).%3!+)∃101) =1.1−13%6)>&+(!∗6)
Octndqtq." Eqec/Eqnc." Igpgtcn" Oqvqtu." Nwhvjcpuc."
Cogtkecp"Gzrtguu."Oketquqhv+"pq"dwuecp"pk"ukswkgtc"gn"
tgeqpqekokgpvq"guvcvcn."ukpq"swg"uktxgp"rctc"hqtoct"
∀&−!∃.%0!(.!)#(%)0%(1)∀!)18−%)02+)8%−%.%)∗)02+)
hwpekqpcn"cn"ecrkvcn0"["ncu"wpkxgtukfcfgu"rqt"htcpswk;
ekc."swg"wvknk¦cp"gn"rtguvkikq"{"gn"tgeqpqekokgpvq"fg"
%37#(%)#(&9!−+&∀%∀)!#−1,!%6)%+&2.&∃%6)!+.%∀1#(&∀!(;
ug"q" cwuvtcnkcpc" rctc" gpvtct" eqp" cniwpcu"xgpvclcu "
∃10,%−%.&9%+)%3)0!−∃%∀1)∀!)3%)!∀#∃%∃&∋()+#,!−&1−6)
ogfkcpvg"nc"cwvqtk¦cek„p"fg" nc"wpkxgtukfcf"ocftg."
+&()?#!)3%)0%∗1−:%)∀!)3%+)9!∃!+)∃1(+!−9!()3%)∃%3&∀%∀)
∀!)31+),−17−%0%+)%∃%∀≅0&∃1+)(&)3%)&(.!7−%∃&∋()!(.−!)
ncu"fkhgtgpvgu"hwpekqpgu"cukipcfcu"c"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"
enƒukec"*O¿pgtc."4229+0"
Ncu" tc¦qpgu" swg" gudq¦c" O¿pgtc" *4229+"
,%−%) !Α,3&∃%−) 3%) %,%−&∃&∋() ∀!) !+.1+) .−!+) .&,1+) ∀!)
wpkxgtukfcfgu"uqp ogtecpvknk¦cek„p"inqdcn"fg" nc"
)
!∀#∃%∃&∋() ∃101) #() +&0,3!) +!−9&∃&1) !∀#∃%.&91Β))
ncu"pgegukfcfgu"fg"cfcrvctnq"c"ncu"vtcpuhqtocekqpgu"
fgn"rtqeguq"rtqfwevkxq"{"fgn"vtcdclq."{"nc"dcpcnk¦c;
ek„p" fgn" ugpvkfq" fgn" ucdgt" cecffiokeq" {" ekgpvÞeq"
!()3%+)+1∃&!∀%∀!+)∃1(.!0,1−2(!%+4)Χ1)!Α,3&∃%)%+:∆
!∀#!∃%&∋#()∗+∗,#∋∗−(!.+/0#+!1%+!2%&3∗∋∗/!%145
∋#)∗3/!)∗%(%!∋/∃/!2464%2)/!+#!∋/(2∗1%5
∋∗−(!1%!74%!+#!%14∋#∋∗−(!%2!2∗∃6+%∃%()%!
4(!0∗%(!∋4+)4+!74%!64%1%!2%&!24∃∗(∗2)5
1/!∗(1∗2)∗()#∃%()%! 6/&! 6&/3%%1/&%2!685
0+∗∋/2!9!6&∗3#1/2!1%!#∋4%&1/!∋/(!(/&∃#2!
74%!.#()∗∋%(! +#!+∗0&%! ∋/∃6%)%(∋∗#!9! +#!
∗()%&3%(∋∗−(!%:∋%6∋∗/(#+!1%+!;2)#1/!%(!+/2!
!
6&∗3#1#=!>/&! ∋/(2∗.4∗%()%?! %+! 2% ()∗1/! 1%!
+#!%14∋#∋∗−(! ∋/∃/! .%(%/! 1%! 3#+/5
&%2! 9! ∋#6#∋∗1#1%2! ∋4+)4+%2?! ≅4%()%! 1%!
6%(2#∃∗%()/!∋&Α)∗∋/!9!∃/∃%()/!1%!#4)/5
/02%&3#∋∗−(! 1%! 4(#! 2/∋∗%1#1! %2! %:6+Α∋∗5
)#∃%()%!1%2∋/(/∋∗1/!9!24∋4∃0%!#()%!%+!
2%()∗1/?!∗∃6+Α∋∗)/!/!%:6+Α∋∗)/?!∗∃64%2)/!6/&!
+#!#1#6)#∋∗−(!#+!∃%&∋#1/!9!#!+/2!6&/∋%2/2!
6&/14∋)∗3/2!74%!2∗.4%(!%+!&4∃0/!1%∃#&5
∋#1/!6/&! %+! %26Α&∗)4! %∃6&%2#&∗#+?! +#! #∋45
∃4+#∋∗−(!1%!∋#6∗)#+!9!+#!+∗0&%!∋/∃6%)%(∋∗#!
∋/(! +/2! ∃%(/&%2! (∗3%+%2! 1%! &%.4+#∋∗−(=!
∀#2!(%∋%2∗1#1%2!1%!#1#6)#∋∗−(!#+!6&/∋%2/!
6&/14∋)∗3/! ∗∃6+∗∋#(! 4(#! &%52∗.(∗≅∗∋#∋∗−(!
2/∋∗#+! 1%+! ∋/(/∋∗∃∗%()/! #∋#1Β∃∗∋/! 9!
∋∗%()Α≅∗∋/!Χ∆Ε!9!4(#!)(2≅/&∃#∋∗−(!1%!+#!
≅4%&,#!+#0/+!6#!&%26/(1%&!#!&%+#∋∗/(%2!
1%!6&/14∋∋∗−(!1/(1%!%+!)#Φ/!∃#)%&∗#+!9!
3∗3/!74%1#!∋#1#!1Α#!∃<2!246%1∗)#1/!#+!1%5
2#&&/++/!)Β∋(∗∋/!9!)%∋(/+−.∗∋/=!Γ!≅∗(#+∃%(5
)%! +#! 0#(#+∗,#∋∗−(! 1%+! 2%()∗1/! 1%+! 2#0%&!
#∋#1Β∃∗∋/!9!∋∗%()Α≅∗∋/!2%!6&%2%()#!∋/∃/!
&%24+)#1/! 1%! +#! ∗∃6/2∗∋∗−(! 1%! 4(! 6.5
∃#)∗2∃/! ∋/.(∗)∗3/! %(! 3∗&)41! 1%+! ∋4#+! +#!
%14∋#∋∗−(!74%1#!&%14∋∗1#!#!2%&!4(!∃%1∗/!
#6#&%()%∃%()%!(%4)&/?!0#Φ/!+#! ≅/&∃#!1%!
+#2!∋/∃6%)%(∋∗#2!+#0/+%2!/!#∋#1Β∃∗∋#2?!
#0∗%&)/!#!4(#!6+4+∗1#1!1%!2%()∗1/2! 74%!
2/+/!64%1%(!2%&!1%≅∗(∗1/2!6/&!+/2!24Φ%)/2!
∗(1∗3∗14#+%2=! Χ∆Ε! ;2)#! 0 #(#+∗,#∋∗−(! 1%+!
2%()∗1/!%(!≅4(∋∗−(!1%+!∃%&∋#1/!9!1%!+/2!
6&/∋%2/2!6&/14∋)∗3/2!1/∃∗(#()%2?!2%!Η#∋%!
%(!(/∃0&%!1%!+#!#6%&)4!(#∋∗/(#+! Η#∋∗#!
%+!∃4(1/?!1%+!∃4+)∗∋4+)4+∗2∃/!9!1%+!1%25
6&%∋∗/!9!+#!&∗1∗∋4+∗,#∋∗−(!1%!+#2!∗1%()∗1#1%2!
(#∋∗/(#+%2?!&%.∗/(#+%2!/!+/∋#+%2!Ιϑ8(%?!
ΚΛΛΜ?!6=!ΝΟΠ=
Gp"tguwogp." nc"ogtecpvknk¦cek„p" fg" nc"gfw;
∃%∃&∋()+#,!−&1−)3%)∃1(9&!−.!)!()#(%)/!−−%0&!(.%)%3)
ugtxkekq" fg" kpxgtukqpkuvcu" ew{q" rtkpekrcn" qdlgvkxq"
∃1(+&+.!)!() /%∃!−) ∀&(!−14) Ε+.1)∀!+9&−.Φ%) !3) +&7(&;
Þecfq" uqekcn" fg" nc" gfwecek„p" eqoq" hqtocfqtc"
∀!) ,!−+1(%+) ∃1() ∃%,%∃&∀%∀) ∀!) %(23&+&+6) ∃1() #(%)
9&+&∋()∃−:.&∃%)∀!)3%)−!%3&∀%∀)∗)∃%,%∃!+)∀!),−1,1(!−)
%3.!−(%.&9%+)∃−!%.&9%+)∀!)∃%08&16),%−%)%∗#∀%−)%)3%)
!∀
!∀#∃#%∃&∋(∋)∗+,−∀.∃∋/.∗#01∀.∃2!!∀∀#∃%&&∋()∗+∋∗,%−./0%1,%#.0%2,%3435.)6748.,%&+29,%::0%∋9)1(
!∀#∃%#&∋(∃)∗+∋,#−∗+∃∋./∃
uqnwek„p" fg" nqu" rtqdngocu" uqekcngu" swg" cswglcp"
!∀ #∃%&∋(!&∀ &)∗+%,!,%&−∀ %&.%∗+!/0%#∋%∀ !1∃%//!&∀
∗)#&+,%(!,!&∀%#∀23!∀,%∀,%&!(()//)4∀5)(∀%//)∀%&∀06&∀
∗)#2%#+%#∋%∀.!(!∀∃#!∀&)∗+%,!,∀∃#!∀.)/3∋+∗!∀.78/+∗!∀
qtkgpvcfc"c"ocpvgpgt"c"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"cnglcfc"fgn"
6#+0)∀,%∀/∃∗()4
#∃%&∋(%(∃)∗%∗&+,&−)(∋∗.%(#,#&
#∗%#∗&+,&/∗.%/∗01(∋,∗∃%&
∃.2,)(%3∃%&()1∗.),0(∃),+∗%
9/∀:!#∗)∀;∃#,+!/∀&)#∀,)&∀)(>!#+&0)&∀
+#∋%(#!∗+)#!/%&∀∗)#∀2+&+)#%&∀,+&∋+#∋!&∀(%&.%∗∋)∀,%∀/!∀
%,∃∗!∗+?#4∀9/∀:!#∗)∀;∃#,+!/∀2%∀/!∀%,∃∗!∗+?#∀∗)0)∀
wpc"ogtecpec" uwlgvc"c" ncu"ng{gu" fg"nc" qhgtvc"{" nc"
fgocpfc0"Guvc"qticpk¦cek„p"xg"gp"gn"etgekokgpvq"fg"
/!∀0!∋(3∗∃/!∀,%∀#+2%/∀∃#+2%(&+∋!(+)∀∃#!∀).)(∋∃#+,!,∀
fg"pgiqekq0"Cukokuoq."jc"rtqrwguvq"gnkokpct"gn"Þ
#!#∗+!0+%#∋)∀.78/+∗)∀1∃%∀&%∀!&+>#!∀!∀/!∀%,∃∗!∗+?#∀
&∃.%(+)(−∀!&3∀∗)0)∀%2+∋!(∀%/∀&∃8&+,+)∀,%∀2+2+%#,!∀
cnkogpvcek„p"c"nqu"guvwfkcpvgu"*Fc¦"Dcttkic."3;;8+0"
Rqt" qvtc " rctvg." nc " Qticpk¦ cek„p" fg" n cu" Pcekq pgu"
=#+,!&∀.!(!∀ /!∀ 9,∃∗!∗+?#−∀/!∀ Α+%#∗+!∀ Α∃/∋∃(!∀
*Wpgueq+"rctgekgtc"guvct"gp"qvtc"qtknnc."cn"cÞtoct."gp"
/!∀Β%∗/!(!∗+?#∀;∃#,+!/∀ &)8(%∀9,∃∗!∗+?#∀ Χ∃.%(+)(∀
fg"Rctu."gp"3;;:."swg"nc"okuk„p"fg"nc"gfwecek„p"uw
.%(+)(∀∗)#&+&∋%∀%#∀∗)#∋(+8∃+(∀!/∀,%&!(()//)∀&)&∋%#+8/%∀
{"cn"oglqtcokgpvq"fgn"eqplwpvq"fg"nc"uqekgfcf."cu"
eqoq"gp"tghqt¦ct"uwu"hwpekqpgu"fg"ugtxkekq"c"nc"uq
∗+%,!,−∀∗)0)∀!∗∋+2+,!,%&∀)(+%#∋!,!&∀!∀%((!,+∗!(∀/!∀
rqdtg¦c."nc"kpvqngtcpekc."nc"xkqngpekc."gn"cpcnhcdgvku
0)−∀%/∀∆!08(%−∀%/∀,%∋%(+)()∀,%/∀0%,+)∀!08+%#∋%4∀9#∀
guvg"okuoq"ugpvkfq."Fkcu"{"Iqgtigp"*4228+"qrkpcp"
swg"nc"tc¦„p" gugpekcn"fg"nc" gfwecek„p"uwrgtkqt"gu"
nc"hqtocek„p"fg"ekwfcfcpqu"{"rtqhgukqpcngu"rctc"nc"
2+,!∀%#∀&)∗+%,!,Ε∀∋!#∋)∀.!(!∀∗)#&∋(∃+(∀&)∗+%,!,%&∀
fgoqetƒvkecu"{"fgucttqnncfcu" eqoq"rctc" gn"hqtvc
ngekokgpvq"fg"nc"ogoqtkc"{"rtqhwpfk¦cek„p"fg"ncu"
ewnvwtcu"g"kfgpvkfcfgu"pcekqpcngu0"Cfgoƒu."fgÞpgp"
∗)0)∀∗)0.()0+&)∀,%∀/!∀∃#+2%(&+,!,Ε∀
!∀#∃%∃&∋#!()!∗#+,−∗)!.∋!()!∀#∃∀−)!/∃∗−∋.).!0!
∃∀∃1∋#/∋!)!()!−1%∋.−),∋2!0!)(!3,−(−,)#−/%∃!
4)!()/!(56−∗)/!.∋(!%∋#∗).∃!73∋!∗∃1/−.∋#)1!
)!()!∋.3∗)∗−51!∗∃%∃!31)!%∋#∗)1∗+)89!)/+!
∗∃%∃!)!∗∃1/−.∋#)#!73∋!()!∋.3∗)∗−51!∋/!31!
:−∋1!∀;:(−∗∃!.∋!−1,∋#!/∃∗−)(9!∋/!31!.∋#∋=
∗>∃!.∋(!∗−3.).)1∃!0!31!.∋:∋#!.∋(!?/,).∃!
4≅−)/!Α!Β∃∋#6∋19!Χ∆∆Ε9!∀ΦΓΓΓ−Γ8Φ
Φ∋(!∀+0./+∗!∗+?#∀ ,%∀%&∋!&∀ ,)&∀2+&+)#%&∀ %&∋6∀
%#∀/!∀!&+>#!∗+?#∀ ,%∀.(%&∃.∃%&∋)∀!∀ /!&∀∃#+2%(&+,!
,%&∀.78/+∗!&Ε∀ %#∀ ∃#!∀ )(+//!∀ %&∋6∀ /!∀ !&+>#!∗+?#∀ ,%∀
.(%&∃.∃%&∋)∀!∀/!&∀ ∃#+2%(&+,!,%&∀.78/+∗!&∀&+#∀ ∗)#
∋(!.!(∋+,!−∀0+%#∋(!&∀ 1∃%∀%#∀ /!∀)∋(!∀ %&∋6∀/!∀ #∃%2!∀
>%(%#∗+!∀.78/+∗!−∀1∃%∀!&+>#!∀(%∗∃(&)&∀!∀∗!08+)∀,%∀
eqpvtcrctvkfcu" *eqdgtvwtc." fgucttqnnq" fg" cniwpqu"
&%∗∋)(%&−∀ !∋%#∗+?#∀ ,%∀ >(∃.)&∀ .)8/!∗+)#!/%&−∀ %∋
efivgtc+."ogfkfqu" eqp"kpfkecfqtgu" fg"iguvk„p" swg"
(%&.)#,%#∀!∀∃#!∀/?>+∗!∀0%(∗!#∋+/∀%#∀∗!0.)&∀∗)0)∀
nc"ewnvwtc."nc"gfwecek„p"{"nc"ucnwf"*nqu"ewcngu"vkgpgp"
n„ikecu"fkuvkpvcu+0"
0∃)0+−%(∃)∗%
Γ!∀+#&∋+∋∃∗+?#∀ ,%#)0+#!,!∀ ∃#+2%(&+,!,∀∋+%#%∀ ,+&≅
vkpvqu" ugpvkfqu0" Gucu" fkhgtgpekcu"gp" nc" xkuk„p" fg"
nq" swg" ukipkÞec" nc" wpkxgtukfcf" igpgtcp" cniwpcu"
∋%#&+)#%&4∀5!(!∀!/>∃#)&−∀/!∀∃#+2%(&+,!,∀,%8%∀∋%#%(∀
wp"gphqswg"gortguctkcn."swg"kornkec"wvknk¦ct"kpfkec
,)(%&∀,%∀∋+.)∀0%(∗!#∋+/∀.!(!∀%2!/∃!(∀%/∀,%&%0.%Η)∀
,%∀/!∀ ∃#+2%(&+,!,−∀%#∀ ∋!#∋)∀1∃%∀ .!(!∀)∋()&−∀ ,%8%∀
ocpvgpgt" wp" gphqswg" cecffiokeq" {" ocpvgpgtug"
+#,%.%#,+%#∋%∀,%∀/!&∀.(%&+)#%&∀1∃%∀∋+%#%#∀/!&∀%0
.(%&!&∀%#∀/!∀87&1∃%,!∀,%∀/!∀(%#∋!8+/+,!,∀∗)0)∀&∃∀
qdlgvkxq"rtkoqtfkcn0"
Tgurgevq"fg"nqu"ugpvkfqu"fg"nc"hqtocek„p"wpk
2%(&+∋!(+!−∀ .!(!∀ !/>∃#)&∀ %&∋!∀ ,%8%∀ !/+#%!(&%∀ ∗)#∀ /!∀
inqdcnk¦cek„p"{"hqtoct"nqu"guvwfkcpvgu"rctc"gn"vtcdclq."
gp"vcpvq"swg"qvtqu"eqpukfgtcp"swg."ukp"fglct"fg"ncfq"
wpc" hqtocek„p" ¿vkn" rctc" gn" fgugorg‚q" ncdqtcn." ug"
pgegukvc" hqtoct" vcodkfip" ekwfcfcpqu" swg" crqtvgp"
cn"hqtvcngekokgpvq"fg" nc"fgoqetcekc0" Uk"ug"kpenw{g" nc"
∃#+2%(&+,!,∀,%#∋()∀,%∀/!∀/?>+∗!∀0%(∗!#∋+/−∀/!∀&)∗+%,!,∀
rkgtfg"wp"cevqt"xcnkquq"gp"nc"hqtocek„p"fg"ekwfcfcpqu"
{"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"ug"eqpxkgtvg"uqncogpvg"gp"hqtocfqtc"
,%∀0!#)∀,%∀)8(!∀)8%,+%#∋%−∀!∗(3∋+∗!−∀/)∀∗∃!/∀,%8+/+∋!∀
nc"hqtocek„p"fg"ekwfcfcpc"{"fgoqetcekc0
Γ!∀%,∃∗!∗+?#∀&∃.%(+)(∀∗)0)∀0%(∗!#∗3!∀(%.(%
&%#∋!∀∃#!∀)(+//!∀+,%)/?>+∗!∀,+&∋+#∋!∀!∀/!∀∗)#&+,%(!∗+?#∀
!!
!∀#∃%&%∋()∀)#)%#∗∀∃+%∃%,#∀#!∀#−∃(.%,∋()∀)#∀!%/∀)∀#)%!#0∃(∗1#)%#!−&,1
!∀#∃%#∀!&∋%∋()∗#+&,∀−(.−#∋./.#0(∀∗#,10∃(∋.#%∃#+∀−2(3
ekq"fg"nc"uqekgfcf0"Fgvtƒu"fgn"rtkogt"gphqswg"guvƒp"
.−4%∗(+/.+#(∗5∀−∗%∋(.∗%∃∀+# ∋./.#∀∃# 6%∗∋.#7&∗3
!(%∃8#9&∀# 0&+∋%#∋.∗2∀−5(−# %#∃%# ∀!&∋%∋()∗# +&,∀−(.−#
:#%#∃%#&∗(2∀−+(!%!#∀∗#&∗%#/∀−∋%∗∋;%8#∀∗#5%∗5.#9&∀#
∃%#
&∗#∀+,%∋(.#,%−%#∋.∗5−(0&(−#%∃#!∀+%−−.∃∃.#+.+5∀∗(0∃∀#
{" cn" oglqtcokgpvq" fgn" eqplwpvq" fg" nc" uqekgfcf0"
#
=∀#∀+5%#/%∗∀−%8#+∀#−∀∋./(∀∗!%#9&∀#∃%#&∗(2∀−+(!%!#
ug"ocpvgpic"cnglcfc"fg"nc"n„ikec"fgn"ƒpkoq"fg"nwetq"
{"fg"nc"oczkok¦cek„p"fg"nc"tgpvcdknkfcf"Þpcpekgtc."
/>+#0(∀∗#!∀0∀#+∀−#,−∀+∀−2%!%#∋./.#&∗#0%+5()∗#!∀#
,∀∗+%/(∀∗5.# ∋−;5(∋.# ∋.∗# ∋%,%∋(!%!# !∀# ,−.,.∗∀−#
(!∀%+8#,∃%∗∀+#:#,−.:∀∋5.+#.−(∀∗5%!.+#/>+#%∃#0∀∗∀3
Þekq"fg"nc"uqekgfcf"gp"uw"eqplwpvq0
Ocpvgpgt"c"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"cnglcfc"fgn"ƒpkoq"
!∀# ∃&∋−.# ∃∀# ,∀−/(5∀# +∀4&(−# +(∀∗!.# ∃%# ∋.∗∋(∀∗∋(%#
∋−;5(∋%#!∀#∃%#+.∋(∀!%!8#,∀−.#5%/0(?∗#!∀0∀#−∀∋.∗.3
∋∀−+∀#9&∀#∀≅(+5∀∗#%∃4&∗.+#/%∃.+#Α>0(5.+#!∀∗5−.#!∀##
cniwpcu" wpkxgtukfcfgu" swg" ng" jcegp" fc‚q" *ngpvk3
5&!#∀∗# ∃%#5./%# !∀# !∀∋(+(.∗∀+8#%(+∃%/(∀∗5.# !∀# ∃.+#
rtqdngocu"uqekcngu." fgoqtcu"gp" clwuvgu" tcfkecngu"
pgeguctkqu+0"Guvqu"rwgfgp"ugt"uwrgtcfqu"fgufg"ncu"
/(+/%+#(∗+5(5&∋(.∗∀+8#&+%∗!.#∀∃#∋.∗.∋(/(∀∗5.#:#∃%#
ecrcekfcf"fg"kpxguvkicek„p"ekgpvÞec."swg"uqp"rtgek3
ucogpvg"fqu"hqtvcng¦cu"swg"ug"rwgfgp"crtqxgejct0
Β#,∀+%−#!∀#∃%#∀≅(+5∀∗∋(%#!∀#!(+5(∗5%+#2(+(.∗∀+#
+.0−∀#&∗(2∀−+(!%!8#∀∃#Α∀∋Α.#!∀#−∀∋.∗.∋∀−∃%+#,&∀!∀#
hceknkvct" gn" fkƒnqiq" gpvtg" ncu" rctvgu" kpvgtgucfcu"
q"chgevcfcu" rqt" wpc" rtqrwguvc" fg"tghqtoc" c" nc"
∀!&∋%∋()∗# +&,∀−(.−# ∀∗# Χ.∃./0(%∆# Ε(∗# ∀/0%−4.8#
!∀0∀#−∀∋.∗.∋∀−+∀#9&∀#∃%#/(+()∗#!∀#∃%#&∗(2∀−+(!%!#
fkÞgtg"fg" ocpgtc" fkcogvtcnogpvg" qrwguvc" c" nc"
/(+()∗# 9&∀# ,−.,.∗∀∗# ∃%+# ∀/,−∀+%+# ∋.∗# >∗(/.#
!∀#∃&∋−.#∀# (∗/∀−+%+#∀∗# ∃%#01+9&∀!%# !∀#∃%#−∀∗5%3
dknkfcf"Þpcpekgtc." ncu" ewcngu" guvƒp" qtkgpvcfcu" c"
rtkxcvk¦ct"dgpgÞekqu" {" cewownct" icpcpekcu"rctc"
+&+#%∋∋(.∗(+5%+∆#
!∀
!∀#∃#%∃&∋(∋)∗+,−∀.∃∋/.∗#01∀.∃2!!∀∀#∃%&&∋()∗+∋∗,%−./0%1,%#.0%2,%3435.)6748.,%&+29,%::0%∋9)1(
!∀#∃%#&∋(∃)∗+∋,#−∗+∃∋./∃
#∃%∃#∃&∋()∗
20% ;.<74=%>48?35≅8Α=58=0%Β&++Χ∆0%Ε=% <35Φ=4Α8/8Γ=Φ8Η4%Ι3%/=% 3Ι7Φ=Φ8Η4%34%3/% Φ.4Α3ϑΑ.%Κ/.Λ=/0%
Μ4%Fgdcvg"uqdtg" nc"gfwecek„p" uwrgtkqt%ΒΝ3≅=% Ι3%Α5=Λ=6.% 34%3Ι7Φ=Φ8Η4%≅7:358.50%Ο.Φ7<34Α.%
Ι3%Α5=Λ=6.%#.0% 2∆0%Π.Κ.ΑΘ∃% Ρ/=43Α=%Ρ=Γ0% Σ3Φ7:35=Ι.%Ι3%
ΤΑΑ:∃ΥΥ3≅0≅Φ58ΛΙ0Φ.
Ο3Λ=Α3)≅.Λ53)/=) 3Ι7Φ=Φ8.4)≅7:358.5
&0% ΟΩ=Γ%Π=558Κ=,%Ξ0%Β2ςς∗∆0%Ο.≅%<85=Ι=≅%≅.Λ53%/=%3Ι7Φ=Φ8Η4%≅7:358.5∃%Π=4Φ.%<74Ι8=/%Ψ%/=%>43≅Φ.0%
Μ4%Oqogpvq"geqp„okeq0%ΝΖϑ8Φ.∃%>48?35≅8Ι=Ι%#=Φ8.4=/%Ξ7ΑΗ4.<=%Ι3%ΝΖϑ8Φ.,%>#ΞΝ0
90% ΟΩ=≅,%[0%∴%].35Κ34,%Ρ0%Β&++∗∆0%;.<:5. class="ff50 ws2">!∀#!∃%&∋#∋()∗!
uwrgtkqt"gp"gn"owpfq"42290"Cetgfkvcek„p"rctc"nc"ictcpvc"fg"nc"ecnkfcfgp"lwgiqA=Ι58Ι∃%
Ν74Ι8)Ρ534≅=%Ε8Λ5.≅%∀0Ξ0
∋0% Μ≅:=⊥=,%Ο0%∴%Σ8?35=,% Μ0%Β&+2&∆0% Ε.≅%748?35≅8Α=58.≅%Ψ% /=%Ι3<. class="_ _1"> Π.Κ.ΑΘ∃%74%Φ=≅.% Ι3%
<=5_3Α84Κ%:./ΩΑ8Φ.0%+#,∃−!+.−/0(∋.,%12Β2∆,%21)110%
10% ].4ΓΘ/3Γ,%0%ΒΞΛ58/%)%[748.%2ςςΧ∆0%Μ/%Φ.4Φ3:Α.%Ι3%748?35≅8Ι=Ι0%Tgxkuvc"fg"nc"Gfwecek„p"Uwrgtkqt."
324Β&∗∆0%Σ3Φ7:35=Ι.% Ι3∃%
ΤΑΑ:∃ΥΥ:7Λ/8Φ=Φ8.43≅0=4783≅0 )
748?35≅8Ι=Ι
%
∗0% ].4ΓΘ/3Γ,%[0% ∴% Π.48//=,% Μ0% Β&+22∆0% ∀84% 53Φ75≅.≅% :αΛ/8Φ.≅% 4.% Τ=Ψ% 3Ι7Φ=Φ8Η4% Ι3% Φ=/8Ι=Ι% 48%
Τ=Ψ%84?3≅Α8Κ=Φ8Η40% Tg xkuvc" fkik vcn" Tc¦„p " R¿dnkec0% Σ3Φ7:35=Ι.% Ι3% ΤΑΑ:∃ΥΥβββ05=Γ.4:7Λ/8Φ=0
Φ.
53Φ75≅.≅):7Λ/8Φ.≅)4.)Τ=Ψ)=/Α=)Φ=/8Ι=Ι)∴Φ=Α8Ιδ2∗Χ∃=5Α8Φ7/.≅)53Φ834Α3≅)
Χ0% [=≅:35≅,%φ0%Β2ς∗1∆0%Vjg"Kfgc"qh"vjg"Wpkxgtukv{0%Ε.4Ι.4∃%Ρ3Α35%β340
(0% Ε=?=/,%;0%Β&++∋∆0%∀#!∃3∋&∃−#!∗.!∃3!&∗#!∃4,5∃3#0%Π=5Φ3/.4=∃%ΜΙ8Φ8.43≅%Ρ=8ΙΗ≅%!ΛΖ58Φ=,%∀0Ξ0
ς0% Ν8≅=≅,%]0%Β&++2∆0% Ξ≅:3ΦΑ.≅% 3Φ.4Η<8Φ.≅%Ι3% /=%3Ι7Φ=Φ8Η4% ≅7:358.5%34% Ξ Μ4∃%
Ugokpctkq"ncvkpqcogtkecpq"uqdtg"gfwecek„p"uwrgtkqt%Β::0%Χ1)(∗∆0%Π.Κ.ΑΘ∃%
>48?35≅8Ι=Ι%#=Φ8.4=/%Ι3%;./.
2+0% Okucu."I0"*4234+0"Eqphgtgpekc"Þpcpekcek„p"gp"nc"gfwecek„p"uwrgtkqt0"Eƒvgftc"Ocpwgn"Cpe¦ct"
4234/K0%Π.Κ.ΑΘ∃%>48?35≅8Ι=Ι%#=Φ8.4=/%Ι3%;./.
220% Να435=,%Ε0%Β&++2∆0%Ξ4Θ/8≅8≅%≅.Φ8.:./ΩΑ8Φ.%Ι3%/=%3Ι7Φ=Φ8Η4%≅7:358.5%34%;./.Ugokpctkq"
ncvkpqcogtkecpq"uqdtg"gfwecek„p"uwrgtkqt{"rgturgevkxcu"Β::0%12)Χ∋∆0%Π.Κ.ΑΘ∃%>48?35≅8Ι=Ι%
#=Φ8.4=/%Ι3%;./.
2&0% Να435=,%Ε0% Β&++Χ∆0% Ε=% 748?35≅8Ι=Ι% 34% 3/%≅8Κ/.% γγ!% ΒΑ53≅% η5=Κ<34Α.≅∆0% Μ4%Fgdcvg" uqdtg" nc"
∃%&∋#∋()∗!3&,∃5(.5%ΒΝ3≅=% Ι3%Α5=Λ=6.% 34%3Ι7Φ=Φ8Η4% ≅7:358.50%Ο.Φ7<34Α.%Ι3% Α5=Λ=6.%#.0%2∆0%
Π.Κ.ΑΘ∃%Ρ/=43Α=% Ρ=Γ0% Σ3Φ7:35=Ι.% Ι3%
ΤΑΑ:∃ΥΥ3≅0≅Φ58ΛΙ0Φ.
3Ι7Φ=Φ8.4)≅7:358.5
%
290% Να435=,%Ε0% Β&+2&∆0%;.4η3534Φ8=%=7Α.4. Ι3<. class="_ _1"> Κ.Λ8354.%748?35≅8Α=58.0% Eƒvgftc"
Ocpwgn"Cpe¦ct"4234/KFgdcvgu"{"fguchqu0%Π.Κ.ΑΘ∃%>48?35≅8Ι=Ι%#=Φ8.4=/%
Ι3%;./.
2∋0% #7≅≅Λ=7" Ukp"Þpgu" fg" nwetq0"Rqt"swfi"nc" fgoqetcekc"pgegukvc" fg"ncu" jwocpkfcfgu0%
Π734.≅%Ξ853≅∃%φ=ΑΓ%3Ι8Α.53≅0
210% 5Κ=48Γ=Φ8Η4%:=5=% /=% ;..:35=Φ8Η4% Ψ% Ο3≅=55.//.% ΜΦ.4Η<8Φ.% ) ;ΟΜ)% Β2ς(Χ∆0% Wpkxgtukvkgu"
Wpfgt"Uetwvkp{0%ι=≅Τ84ΚΑ.4,%Ο;0∃%;ΟΜ0
!∀
!∀#∃%&%∋()∀)#)%#∗∀∃+%∃%,#∀#!∀#−∃(.%,∋()∀)#∀!%/∀)∀#)%!#0∃(∗1#)%#!−&,1
!∀#∃ %&∋()∋∗∃+#∃,−.!./#∃0123∗∃14∃15∃6∋6127∋∃81∃&17∋63&∃49∃&96:∋#∃;2∃Tgxkuvc"fkikvc n"Tc¦„p"R¿dnkec #∃
<1)9=1&38∋∃81∃>77=?≅≅ΑΑΑ#&3(∋2=9:5Β)3#)∋6≅Β281Χ#=>=≅1)∋2∋6∆Ε∆4∋)Β1838∆71634∆−Φ≅!ΓΗΗ∆
4123∆14∆15∆6∋6127∋∆ 81∆&17∋63&∆49∆&96:∋#>765
!Ι#∃ ϑ353)Β∋4∗∃Κ#∃,!ΦΦΓ/#∃+34∃7&14∃)9579&34∃81∃53∃92ΒΛ1&4Β838∃=Μ:5Β)3∃)∋5∋6:Β323?∃92∃1243Ε∋∃Β271&
=&1737ΒΛ∋#∃Okuk„p"pcekqpcn"rctc"nc"oqfgtpk¦cek„p"fg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"r¿dnkec∃,==#∃−Φ!∆Η!Ν∗∃Λ∋5#∃−/#∃
Ο∋Π∋7Θ?∃ΚΒ4ΒΡ2∃23)Β∋235∃=3&3∃53∃6∋81&2Β(3)ΒΡ2∃81∃53∃92ΒΛ1&4Β838∃=Μ:5Β)3∃Σ∃;4798Β∋4∃81∃:341#
!Ν#∃ ϑ3&&3∃Κ∋&12 ∋∗∃Τ#∃,− ..Γ/ #∃+3∃92 ΒΛ1& 4Β83 8∗∃Β24 7Β79 )ΒΡ2 ∃4∋)Β3 5#∃Tgxkuv c"Guvwfkqu"uqdtg "Gfwecek„p∗∃Φ∗∃
!ΥΓ∆!∀Γ#
!Φ#∃ ϑ1ς3∗∃Ω#∃Ξ∃Ψ63&∗∃Ζ#∃,−..Υ/#∃+3∃189)3)ΒΡ2∃49=1&Β∋&∃12∃Τ∋5∋6:Β3∃Ε∃53∃71∋&[3∃81∃5∋4∃)∋47∋4∃81∃
7&3243))ΒΡ2∃=∋5[7Β)3#∃Tgxkuvc"fg"Geqpqoc"Kpuvkvwekqpcn∗∃8*33+.";9/3560
−.#∃ Rwnkfq."C0"*4229+0"Tgàgzkqpgu"uqdtg"nc"wpkxgtukfcf"fgn"hwvwtq0"Gp"KZ"Hqtq"Cpgecwpkxgtukfcf"
fgn"ukinq"ZZK#∃Κ38&Β8?∃<18∃∴2ΒΛ2∋Λ3#
−!#∃ 03534∃]1534)∋∗∃Κ#∃,−..Ν/#∃Geqpqoc"fg" nc"gfwecek„p0"Curgevqu" vg„tkequ"{"cevkxkfcfgu" rtƒevkecu#∃
Κ38&Β8?∃ϑ13&4∋2∃;89)3)ΒΡ2#
−−#∃ 0353(3&∗∃Ο#∃,−.!!/#∃<1⊥∋&63∃81∃53∃189)3)ΒΡ2∃49=1&Β∋&?∃)35Β838∃Λ1&494∃Θ2Β6∋∃81∃59)&∋#∃!∀#∃%&∋(
fkikvcn"Tc¦„p"R¿dnkec#∃<1)9=1&38∋∃81∃>77=?≅≅ΑΑΑ#&3(∋2=9:5Β)3#)∋6≅Β281Χ#=>=≅=∋5Β7Β)3∆Ε∆Π∋:Β1&
2∋∆71634∆−Ι≅!ΦΗ∀∆&1⊥∋&63∆81∆53∆ 189)3)Β∋2∆49=1&Β∋&∆)35Β838∆Λ1&494∆32Β6∋∆81 ∆59)&∋∆#>765
−Η#∃ 0327∋4∗∃Ο#∃,!ΦΦΝ/#∃Fg"nc"ocpq" fg"Cnkekc0"Nq" uqekcn"{" nq"rqnvkeq"gp" nc"rquvoqfgtpkfcf#∃ Ο∋Π∋7Θ?∃
0ΒΠ5∋∃815∃_∋6:&1∃;8Β7∋&14#
−Υ#∃ 0)>3&3∗∃#∃ ,−..∀/#∃ +3∃ 92ΒΛ1&4Β838∃)5Θ4Β)3∃ 618Β1Λ35∗∃ ∋&ΒΠ12∃ 81∃ 53∃ 92ΒΛ1&4Β838∃ 537Β
2∋361&Β)323#∃;2∃ Tggp ewgpvtq. " ΥΓ#∃<1)9=1&38∋∃ 81∃ >77=?≅≅:Β8Β#Χ∋)#936#6Χ≅&149612α
3&7Β)95∋#=>=βΒ8χΙΗΞ3&)>ΒΛ∋χΗ∆Γ∆ΙΗ>88#=8⊥Ξ7Β795∋α3&7Β)95∋χ+3δ−.∴2ΒΛ1&4Β838δ−.
Τ5δ;!4Β)3δ−.Κ18Β1Λ35∗δ−.∋&ΒΠ12δ−.81δ−.53δ−.∴2ΒΛ1&4Β838δ−.+37Β2∋361&Β)323

Para continuar leyendo

Solicita tu prueba

VLEX utiliza cookies de inicio de sesión para aportarte una mejor experiencia de navegación. Si haces click en 'Aceptar' o continúas navegando por esta web consideramos que aceptas nuestra política de cookies. ACEPTAR