El desempeño economico y social de los departamentos colombianos en el año 2011
| Autor | Joel Hernando Cruz Díaz, Bernardo González Lozano |
| Páginas | 86-98 |
86 Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
Lqgn"Jgtpcpfq"Etw¦"Fc¦",,
Dgtpctfq"Iqp¦ƒng¦"Nq¦cpq",,
** Oi0"gp"Iguvk„p"fgn"
Fgucttqnnq"Tgikqpcn"fg"nc"
Wpkxgtukfcf"Ecv„nkec"fg"
Rgtgktc0
Fqegpvg"kpxguvkicfqt."
Wpkxgtukfcf"Nc"Itcp"Eqnqodkc"
ugeekqpcn"Ctogpkc."Okgodtq"
fgn"itwrq"fg"kpxguvkicek„p"
Iguvk„p"fgn"fgucttqnnq0
Tgekdkfq
Tgxkucfq
Cegrvcfq
Χορρεσπονδενχια δε αυτορ:
lqgnjetw¦fBiockn0gfw0eq
dgtpc3;99Biockn0eqo
Æ" 4236" Wpkxgtukfcf" Nc"
Itcp" Eqnqodkc0" Guvg" gu" wp"
αρτχυλο δε αχχεσο αβιερτο,
fkuvtkdwkfq" dclq" nqu" vfitokpqu"
δε λα λιχενχια Χρεατιϖε Χοµµονσ
Αττριβυτιον Λιχενσε," swg" rgtokvg"
gn" wuq" knkokvcfq." fkuvtkdwek„p"
{" tgrtqfweek„p" gp" ewcnswkgt"
ogfkq." ukgortg" swg" gn" cwvqt"
qtkikpcn"{"nc"hwgpvg"ug"cetgfkvgp0
Χ⌠µο χιταρ:
Etw¦." L0" {" Iqp¦ƒng¦." D0" *4236+"
Gn" fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq" {"
uqekcn" fg" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu" gp" gn" c‚q" 42330"
Χοντεξτο 5.":8/;:
Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ
εν ελ α〉ο 20111
Gp"gn" rtgugpvg"vtcdclq"ug"eqpuvtw{g"wp" Kpfkecfqt"fg"Fgugorg‚q" Geqp„okeq"{"
Uqekcn"*KFGU+"rctc"nqu"54"fgrctvcogpvqu"eqnqodkcpqu"{"Dqiqvƒ"gp"gn"c‚q"4233."eqp"
dcug"gp"gn"octeq"vg„tkeq"fg"ncu"guewgncu"tgncekqpcfcu"eqp"gn"pgq/kpuvkvwekqpcnku/
oq."nqu"oqfgnqu"fg"etgekokgpvq"{"nc"igqitchc"geqp„okec."swg"gzrnkecp"fg"ocpgtc"
oƒu"cornkc"ncu"cevwcekqpgu"fg"nqu"cigpvgu"{"cevqtgu"vgttkvqtkcngu0"Gn"kpfkecfqt"ug"
eqorqpg"fg" ekpeq"fkogpukqpgu" rtqogfkcfcu"dclq" ncu"ewcngu" ug" citwrctqp"45"
xctkcdngu"swg"okfgp"curgevqu"geqp„okequ."gortguctkcngu."ncdqtcngu."gfwecvkxqu."
ekgpvÞequ."dkgpguvct."fgoqetcekc."lwuvkekc."iqdgtpcdknkfcf."codkgpvg"{"igqitchc"
geqp„okec0"Ug"tgcnk¦c"gn"cpƒnkuku"eqp"nqu"tguwnvcfqu"citgicfqu"fg"ecfc"fkogpuk„p"
rctc"nwgiq"eqpuqnkfct"{"qtfgpct"nc"kphqtocek„p0"
Παλαβρασ χλαϖε: Fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq." geqpqoc" jgvgtqfqzc." igqitchc"
geqp„okec."iqdgtpcdknkfcf."pgq/kpuvkvwekqpcnkuoq0
Τηε εχονοµιχ ανδ σοχιαλ περφορµανχε οφ χολοµβιαν δεπαρτµεντσ ιν
2011
Kp" vjku" rcrgt" eqpuvtwevu" cp" kpfkecvqt" qh" Geqpqoke" cpf" Uqekcn" Rgthqtocpeg"
*KFGU+"hqt"54" Eqnqodkcp"cpf"Dqiqvc"kp" 4233"fgrctvogpvu."dcugf" qp"vjg"vjgq/
tgvkecn"htcogyqtm"qh"uejqqnu"tgncvgf"vq"pgq/kpuvkvwvkqpcnkuo."itqyvj"oqfgnu"cpf"
geqpqoke"igqitcrj{."gzrnckpkpi" oqtg" dtqcfn{"vjg" cevkqpu"qh" cigpvu"cpf" nqecn"
cevqtu0"Vjg"kpfkecvqt"eqpukuvu"qh"Þxg"fkogpukqpu"wpfgt"yjkej"cxgtcigf"45"xctk/
cdngu"vjcv" ogcuwtg"geqpqoke." dwukpguu."ncdqt."gfwecvkqpcn." uekgpvkÞe."ygnhctg."
fgoqetce{."lwuvkeg." iqxgtpcpeg." gpxktqpogpv" cpf" geqpqoke" igqitcrj{" ygtg"
rqqngf0"Cpcn{uku"ykvj" vjg"ciitgicvgf"tguwnvu" qh"gcej"fkogpukqp" cpf"vjgp"eqp/
uqnkfcvg"cpf"uqtv"vjg"kphqtocvkqp"ku"ocfg0"
Κεψωορδσ geqpqokeu."pgq/kpuvkvwvkqpcnkuo."
iqxgtpcpeg."geqpqoke"igqitcrj{0
Ινϖεστιγαχι⌠ν
KUUP"Rtkpv
KUUP"*G+
jvvr<11eqpvgzvq0wiec0gfw0eq
Ρεϖιστα
30"Guvg"ctvewnq"gu"wp"rtqfwevq"fgtkxcfq"fg"nc"kpxguvkicek„p""ÑEqpuvtweek„p"fg"wp"kpfkecfqt"fg"fgu/
gorg‚q"geqp„okeq"{"uqekcn"rctc"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"eqnqodkcpquÒ0
87
Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
Ιντροδυχχι⌠ν
Fgufg" gn" ecorq" fg" nc" vgqtc" geqp„okec" ug"
πλαντεαν διϖερσασ ϖισιονεσ παρα αβορδαρ ελ
fgugorg‚q"geqp„okeq nc"vgqtc" fgn"etgekokgpvq"
{"gn" ecrkvcn" jwocpq." gn" pgq/kpuvkvwekqpcnkuoq." nc"
vgqtc"fg"nc"nqecnk¦cek„p"{"nc"igqitchc"geqp„okec."
gpvtg" qvtcu0" Ncu" vgqtcu" pgqenƒukecu" nq" gzrnkecp"
c" rctvkt" fgn" kpetgogpvq" fgn" RKD" rgt/eƒrkvc"{" ncu"
cnvgtpcvkxcu"q"jgvgtqfqzcu"rtqowgxgp"nc"kpenwuk„p"
δε ϖαριαβλεσ σοχιαλεσ, πολτιχασ, χυλτυραλεσ, ινστι/
vwekqpcngu." igqitƒÞecu" {" codkgpvcngu0" Cwvqtgu"
eqoq"Ugp" *3;;;+" {" Uvkinkv¦" *3;;:+" jcp" fgpqvcfq"
nc" korqtvcpekc" fgn" fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq" gp"
vcpvq" swg" guvg" tg¿pg." cfgoƒu" fgn" etgekokgpvq"
geqp„okeq." nc" kpvgtceek„p" fg" qvtcu" xctkcdngu"
swg" gzrtgugp" nc" fkpƒokec" fg" nc" geqpqoc" gp"
uw" eqplwpvq." fcpfq" nwict" c" pwgxqu" ecorqu" fg"
kpxguvkicek„p"swg"dwuecp"qvtcu"gzrnkecekqpgu"rctc"
ectcevgtk¦ct" fg" ocpgtc" kpvgitcn" gn" fgugorg‚q0"
Ncu" xctkcdngu" geqp„okecu" {" ncu" eqpfkekqpgu"
uqekcngu" fg" nc" rqdncek„p" gzrnkecp" nc" tgncek„p"
dkfktgeekqpcn" gpvtg" etgekokgpvq" geqp„okeq" {"
fgucttqnnq"jwocpq"eqoq"gn" qdlgvkxq"egpvtcn"fg"nc"
cevkxkfcf"jwocpc0
Fgufg"gn" pgq/kpuvkvwekqpcnkuoq"ug" rtqrqpg"cdqtfct"
ϖαριαβλεσ ρελαχιοναδασ χον ελ ποδερ πολτιχο, λα
fgoqetcekc." nc" iqdgtpcdknkfcf" {" nc" lwuvkekc." eqoq"
rctvg"fg" ncu"tgincu" fg"lwgiq" fg"wpc" uqekgfcf"swg"
kpekfgp" gp"uw"fgugorg‚q"geqp„okeq0" Nqu"oqfgnqu"
fg"etgekokgpvq"geqp„okeq."vkgpfgp"c"tgncekqpct"cswgn"
eqpegrvq" eqp" gn" dkgpguvct" gp" vfitokpqu" ocvgtkcngu"
g" kpeqtrqtc"xctkcdngu" tgncekqpcfcu" eqp" gn"rtqitguq"
vfiepkeq"{"nqu"kpuvtwogpvqu"swg"rtqowgxgp"cwogpvqu"
fg"nc"rtqfwevkxkfcf"fgn"ecrkvcn."eqoq"gzvgtpcnkfcfgu"
rqukvkxcu"fgvgtokpcpvgu"fgn"fgucttqnnq0"Nc"igqitchc"
geqp„okec" rncpvgc" xctkcdngu" fgufg" nc" rgturgevkxc"
gurcekcn" {"vgorqtcn"swg" kpàw{gp" gp"nqu"pkxgngu" fg"
kpitguqu"fg"nqu"cigpvgu"guvcdngekfqu"gp"wpc"tgik„p"{"
rqt"gpfg"gp"uw"fgugorg‚q"geqp„okeq"{"uqekcn."rgtq"
vcodkfip" xkgpg" kpeqtrqtcpfq" xctkcdngu"codkgpvcngu"
eqoq" tgurwguvc" c" nqu" rtqdngocu" tguwnvcpvgu" fg"
ncu"eqpfwevcu"uqekq/rtqfwevkxcu"swg"ug" fcp"gp"ncu"
fkhgtgpvgu"guecncu"igqitƒÞecu0
Rctc" gn" ecuq" eqnqodkcpq" ug" jcp" eqpuvtwkfq" {"
ecnewncfq"kpfkecfqtgu"fg" fgugorg‚q"geqp„okeq"
hqtowncfqu" rqt" gn" Fgrctvcogpvq" Pcekqpcn" fg"
Rncpgcek„p" *FPR+" {" nc" Eqpvtcnqtc" Igpgtcn"
fg" nc" Tgr¿dnkec." swg" okfgp" eqdgtvwtc" {" wuq" fg"
nqu" tgewtuqu" r¿dnkequ0" Guvqu" kpfkecfqtgu" uqp"
kpuwoqu"rctc"cukipct" nqu"tgewtuqu"swg" nc"pcek„p"
fktkig" jcekc" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu." eqp" gn" qdlgvkxq"
fg" Þpcpekct" rtq{gevqu" fg" fgucttqnnq" {" tgfwekt"
ncu"fgukiwcnfcfgu" tgikqpcngu"gzkuvgpvgu." rgtq"ug"
jcp"swgfcfq"eqtvqu" cn"tgncekqpct"nq" uqekcn"eqp" nq"
geqp„okeq"{"gn"rtgugpvg"vtcdclq"crqtvc"gngogpvqu"
rctc"uw"xkpewncek„p0"Vcodkfip"vkgpg"eqoq"qdlgvkxq"
eqpuvtwkt"wp"kpfkecfqt"fg"fgugorg‚q"geqp„okeq"{"
uqekcn."swg"rgtokvc"gxcnwct"nqu"54"fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu" {" Dqiqvƒ" gp" gn" c‚q" 4233." dclq" nc"
uwuvgpvcek„p"vg„tkec" swg"hwpfcogpvc" nc"tgncek„p"
gzkuvgpvg" gpvtg" ncu" vgqtcu" fg" etgekokgpvq"
geqp„okeq" eqoq" ncu" fg" Tqogt" *3;:8+" {" Nwecu"
*3;::+." cu" eqoq" nc" vgqtkc" fgn" Pgqkpuvkvwekqpc/
nkuoq"rncpvgcfc" rqt"Pqtvj" *4225+" {"nc" Igqitchc"
Geqp„okec"rncpvgcfc"rqt"Icnnwr."Icxktkc"("Nqtc"
*4225+0"
Nc" " vfiepkec" gorngcfc" gu" nc" fg" kpfkecfqtgu"
eqorwguvqu" c" rctvkt" fg" rqpfgtcfqtgu" gswk/rtq/
rqtekqpcngu."eqp" dcug"gp" nqu" rncpvgcokgpvqu" swg"
ocpkÞguvcp"nc" pgegukfcf"fg" cornkct"gn" eqpegrvq"
fg"fgugorg‚q"geqp„okeq"eqp"xctkcdngu"{"hcevqtgu"
uqekcngu."eqp" gn" okuoq"pkxgn"fg" korqtvcpekc" rctc"
swg" gzrtgugp" nc"fkpƒokec" {" nc"kpvgtceek„p"fg" nc"
uqekgfcf"gp"uw"eqplwpvq0"Gn"kpfkecfqt"fg"fgugorg‚q"
geqp„okeq" uqekcn" rctc" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu"*KFGU+"rctc"gn"c‚q"4233."ug"eqpuvtw{„"
eqp" xgkpvkvtfiu" xctkcdngu" citwrcfcu" gp" ekpeq"
fkogpukqpgu0
Ματεριαλεσ ψ µτοδοσ
Nqu" kpfkecfqtgu" eqorwguvqu" eqoq" gn" swg" ug"
fgucttqnnc" gp" gn" rtgugpvg" vtcdclq" kpenw{gp"
fkxgtuqu"{"cornkqu"curgevqu" swg"tgswkgtgp"gp"uw"
citwrcek„p." fg" wpc" eqodkpcek„p" rqpfgtcfc" fg"
ncu"xctkcdngu" uwd{cegpvgu0"Eqpuvtwkt"guvg" vkrq"fg"
kpfkecfqtgu" swg" ecrvwtc" nc" tgcnkfcf" geqp„okec"
{" uqekcn." gzkig" ukuvgocvk¦ct." qticpk¦ct" {" fgÞpkt"
ƒtgcu"vgoƒvkecu." dclq" nqu" ewcngu" ug" citwrcp"ncu"
fkxgtucu" xctkcdngu" qdugtxcfcu" {" ugngeekqpcfcu"
rctc" nc" ogfkek„p" fgn" fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq" {"
uqekcn"fg"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"eqnqodkcpqu0
88 Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
Nc" wvknk¦cek„p" fg" guvg" ofivqfq" guvcfuvkeq" ug"
jceg" rctc" ukornkÞect" wp" eqplwpvq" fg" fcvqu"
ownvkxctkcfqu"{"uw"qdlgvkxq"gu"tgfwekt"nc"fkogpukq/
pcnkfcf" fg" nqu" okuoqu." ogfkcpvg" nc" citwrcek„p"
fg" xctkcdngu" rqt" uwdeqplwpvqu" oƒu" rgswg‚qu"
eqpuvtwkfqu"eqoq" eqodkpcekqpgu"nkpgcngu" fg" ncu"
qtkikpcngu."rgtq" rtgugtxcpfq"cn" okuoq"vkgorq" nc"
oc{qt" ecpvkfcf" fg" kphqtocek„p" tgngxcpvg" eqoq"
ugc"rqukdng0"
Χονστρυιρ ινδιχαδορεσ δε εστε τιπο συπονε ρεσπον/
ucdknkfcf" gp" gn" vtcvcokgpvq" fg" nc" kphqtocek„p" {"
eqoq"nq"guvcdngeg"nc"Γυα παρα δισε〉ο, χονστρυχχι⌠ν
ε ιντερπρεταχι⌠ν δε ινδιχαδορεσ δελ Fcpg" *4234+."
gp"uw"gncdqtcek„p"jc{" ewcvtq"gvcrcu0"Nc"rtkogtc"
ug"tgncekqpc"eqp" nc"hqtowncek„p"fgn"rtqdngoc."gu"
fgekt."tgurqpfgt"nc"rtgiwpvc"½swfi"ug"swkgtg"ogfktA"
Nc"ugiwpfc"guvƒ"tgncekqpcfc"eqp"nc"fgÞpkek„p"fg"
ncu" xctkcdngu" swg" eqphqtoctƒp" gn" kpfkecfqt" fg"
cewgtfq"eqp" gn" octeq"vg„tkeq" ugngeekqpcfq" {"ncu"
tgncekqpgu"gpvtg"ncu"xctkcdngu0"Gp"nc"vgtegtc"gvcrc"
ug"ugngeekqpcp"nqu" kpfkecfqtgu"dclq" gn"etkvgtkq"fg"
hƒekn" kpvgtrtgvcek„p" {" swg" rgtokvc" tgncekqpctnqu"
eqp" qvtqu" kpfkecfqtgu" swg" okfcp" nc" ukvwcek„p" q"
hgp„ogpq"gp"gn"vkgorq"{"gp"gn"gurcekq0"Nc"ewctvc"
εταπα σε προχεδε α χονστρυιρ ελ ινδιχαδορ χον βασε
gp"nc"kfgpvkÞecek„p"fgn"eqpvgzvq."nc"fgvgtokpcek„p"
fg"wuqu"{"cevqtgu." nc"kfgpvkÞecek„p"fg"hwgpvgu"fg"
kphqtocek„p" {" rtqegfkokgpvqu" fg" tgeqngeek„p" {"
ocpglq"fg"nc"kphqtocek„p0"
Nngict" c" nc" gvcrc" fg" eqpuvtweek„p" fgn" kpfkecfqt"
eqorwguvq"gzkig"nc"citgicek„p"fg"nc"kphqtocek„p"
fgrwtcfc"{" pqtocnk¦cfc." nq" ewcn" rwgfg" jcegtug"
guvcdngekgpfq" fkhgtgpvgu" hcevqtgu" fg" rguq" swg"
tgàglgp"nc"korqtvcpekc"tgncvkxc"fg"ecfc"kpfkecfqt"
gp"gn"citgicfq."q"guvcdngekgpfq"gswkrqpfgtcekq /
pgu0"Nc"ocpgtc"gp"swg"ug"rqpfgtg"nc"kphqtocek„p"
fkurqpkdng"fgÞpktƒ"gn"xcnqt"Þpcn"fgn"kpfkecfqt."rctc"
nq"ewcn" gzkuvgp" fkuvkpvcu" vfiepkecu"rctc" citgictnc""
{" ecfc" wpc" uwrqpg" cuwokt" ekgtvqu" uwrwguvqu"
fg" rctvkfc." fgdkfq" c" swg" pq" gzkuvg" ogvqfqnqic"
qdlgvkxc"rctc"guvcdngegt"nqu"rguqu0"
Nc"vfiepkec"fg" crnkect"rqpfgtcfqtgu"gswk/rtqrqt/
ekqpcngu"ug"wuc"ewcpfq"gzkuvgp"hwpfcogpvqu"swg"
kpfkswgp"nc"pgegukfcf"fg"rqpfgtct"eqp" gn"okuoq"
pkxgn" fg" korqtvcpekc" ncu" hcevqtgu" {" xctkcdngu"
eqpukfgtcfcu0" Guvq" ukipkÞec" swg" gn" wuq" fg"
hcevqtgu"{"xctkcdngu"eqp"rguq"kffipvkequ."gu"fg"rqt"
u"wp"lwkekq"fg"xcnqt"swg"cukipc"nc"okuoc"rtkqtkfcf"
c" vqfcu" gnncu0" Rctc" gn" ecuq" fgn" KFGU." cwvqtgu"
tgncekqpcfqu"gp"gn"octeq"vg„tkeq"rncpvgcp"gp"uwu"
tgàgzkqpgu" gp" vqtpq" cn" fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq."
cornkct" gn" eqpegrvq" eqp" xctkcdngu" {" hcevqtgu"
uqekcngu"eqp" gn"okuoq" pkxgn"fg" korqtvcpekc"rctc"
swg"gzrtgugp" nc" fkpƒokec" {" nc" kpvgtceek„p" fg" nc"
uqekgfcf0"
Gn"Kpfkecfqt"fg" Fgugorg‚q"Geqp„okeq"{" Uqekcn"
*KFGU+." fg" eqphqtokfcf" eqp" gn" octeq" vg„tkeq"
rtgugpvcfq"ug"eqpuvtw{g"eqp"ncu"ukiwkgpvgu"ekpeq"
fkogpukqpgu
{"ncdqtcn="gfwecvkxc"{"ekgpvÞec="dkgpguvct"{"ucnwf="
iqdgtpcdknkfcf."fgoqetcekc"{"lwuvkekc="codkgpvcn"
{"fg" igqitchc"geqp„okec0" Rctc"uw" eqpuvtweek„p"
ug" rwgfg" tgrtgugpvct" ogfkcpvg" nc" ukiwkgpvg"
pqvcek„p"*3+
Fqpfg"KFGU" gu" gn" rtqogfkq"fg" nc" uwocvqtkc"fg"
ncu"fkogpukqpgu"" swg"nq"eqorqpgp" {""" gn"p¿ogtq"
fg"fkogpukqpgu0
Cfgoƒu." ecfc" fkogpuk„p" " ug" tgrtgugpvc" rqt" gn"
rtqogfkq"fg"nc"uwocvqtkc"fg"ncu"xctkcdngu"""swg"nc"
kpvgitcp"{""gn"p¿ogtq"fg"xctkcdngu"*4+0
Ρεσυλταδοσ ψ δισχυσι⌠ν
∆ιµενσι⌠ν εχον⌠µιχα, εµπρεσαριαλ ψ λαβοραλ
Guvg"eqorqpgpvg"xcnqtc"gn"crqtvg"fg"nc"cevkxkfcf"
gortguctkcn"gp"gn"ƒodkvq" geqp„okeq"{"ncdqtcn"fg"
nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" eqnqodkcpqu" {" iktc" hwpfc/
ogpvcnogpvg" gp" vqtpq" c" nc" gxqnwek„p" {" nqitq" fg"
nqu" qdlgvkxqu" fg" ncu" gortgucu." nqu" ewcngu" guvƒp"
cuqekcfqu" cn" eqpegrvq" fg" gÞekgpekc" rtqfwevkxc0"
[1]
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89
Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
Ewcpfq"ncu"eqorc‚cu"nqitcp"uwu"qdlgvkxqu."etgegp."
tgpvcp" {" rgtocpgegp." igpgtcpfq" rqukdknkfcfgu"
ncdqtcngu"{"rqt"gpfg"fg"kpitguqu"{"dkgpguvct"rctc"nc"
rqdncek„p"fg"ncu"tgikqpgu"gp"fqpfg"qrgtcp0"
Gn" fgugorg‚q"gortguctkcn" fg"wp" fgrctvcogpvq"
ug"rwgfg"kpvgtrtgvct"eqoq"wpc"pqek„p"guvtcvfiikec."
fgvgtokpcfc"rqt"hcevqtgu"kpvgtpqu"fg"ecfc"wpc"fg"
ncu"qticpk¦cekqpgu"{" rqt" gn"ogfkqcodkgpvg"gp" gn"
swg"ug"fgugpxwgnxgp0"Nc"etgcek„p"{"uwrgtxkxgpekc"
fg"ncu" gortgucu."nc"ecnkfcf" fg"uwu" kpxgtukqpgu"{"
uwu" rqukdknkfcfgu" fg" kpeqtrqtctug" c" ogtecfqu"
gzvgtpqu." uqp" gngogpvqu" tgrtgugpvcvkxqu" rctc"
gn" fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq" {" uqekcn." rqtswg" c"
vtcxfiu"fg"nc" d¿uswgfc"fg"uw" dgpgÞekq"rctvkewnct."
nqu" gortguctkqu" eqpvtkdw{gp" cn" dkgp" eqo¿p" fgn"
eqplwpvq"fg"nc"uqekgfcf0"Cfgoƒu."gn"ugevqt"r¿dnkeq"
ug" gpectic"fg" etgct" wp" octeq" kpuvkvwekqpcn" swg"
hceknkvc"nc"cevkxkfcf"gortguctkcn."rtqrgpfkgpfq"rqt"
wpc"oglqtc"eqpvkpwc"gp"nc"uqekgfcf0
C" eqpvkpwcek„p" ug" rtgugpvc" nc" Þiwtc" 3" eqp"
λοσ ρεσυλταδοσ πονδεραδοσ δε λασ ϖαριαβλεσ
eqpukfgtcfcu"rctc"ecfc"wpq"fg"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu" {" gn" Fkuvtkvq" Ecrkvcn" fg" Dqiqvƒ0Cn"
rqpfgtct" nqu" tguwnvcfqu" fg" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu" gp" ecfc" wpc" fg" ncu" xctkcdngu"
kpeqtrqtcfcu" gp" guvc" fkogpuk„p." ug" owguvtc" c"
Dqiqvƒ." Cvnƒpvkeq." Ogvc." Cpvkqswkc" {" Ucpvcpfgt"
tgurgevkxcogpvg"eqp"nqu"oglqtgu"fgugorg‚qu"gp"
ocvgtkc"geqp„okec."gortguctkcn"{"ncdqtcn"rctc"gn"
c‚q"42330""Guvq"kpfkec"nc"hqtvcng¦c"fg"nc"fkpƒokec"
fg"guvcu"tgikqpgu"gp"eqorctcek„p"eqp"Rwvwoc{q."
Coc¦qpcu."Iwcxkctg." Iwckpc"{"Xcwrfiu" swkgpgu"
qewrctqp"nqu"ekpeq"¿nvkoqu"rwguvqu0"
Gn"ecuq"fg"Dqiqvƒ"{"Cvnƒpvkeq"gp"nqu"fqu"rtkogtqu"
nwictgu"ug"fgdg"c"nqu"cnvqu"fgugorg‚qu"qdvgpkfqu"
gp"nqu" vgocu"tgncekqpcfqu" eqp"nc" rtqhwpfk¦cek„p"
dcpectkc." gn" p¿ogtq" fg" uqekgfcfgu" etgcfcu."
nc" vcuc" fg" qewrcek„p" {" gn" fgugorg‚q" Þuecn0" Gn"
vgtegt" nwict" qdvgpkfq" rqt" gn" fgrctvcogpvq" fgn"
Ogvc"ug" cuqekc"cn" dwgp"fgugorg‚q" qdvgpkfq"gp"
ncu"xctkcdngu"tgncekqpcfcu"eqp" gn"RKD"rgt/eƒrkvc."
vcuc" fg" qewrcek„p" {" rtqfwevkxkfcf" ncdqtcn0" Gn"
fgrctvcogpvq" fg" Cpvkqswkc" qewr„" gn" ewctvq"
nwict" rqt" gn" dwgp" fgugorg‚q" swg" qdvwxq" gp"
ncu" xctkcdngu" cuqekcfcu" eqp" nc" rtqhwpfk¦cek„p"
dcpectkc." gn" p¿ogtq" fg" uqekgfcfgu" etgcfcu."
nc" vcuc" fg" qewrcek„p" {" gn" fgugorg‚q" Þuecn0" Gn"
swkpvq" nwict" qdvgpkfq" rqt" gn" fgrctvcogpvq" fg"
Ucpvcpfgt"ug" tgncekqpc" eqp" gn" dwgp" fgugorg‚q"
gp"ncu"xctkcdngu"fg"etgcek„p"fg"uqekgfcfgu."nc"vcuc"
fg"qewrcek„p" {"gn" fgugorg‚q"Þuecn0" Cpcnk¦cpfq"
nqu" tguwnvcfqu" vcodkfip" ug" rwgfg" qdugtxct" swg."
eqp" gzegrek„p" fg" Ogvc." gp" nqu" ekpeq" rtkogtqu"
Φιγυρα 1. Fkogpuk„p"geqp„okec."gortguctkcn"{"ncdqtcn
Hwgpvg
90 Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
fgrctvcogpvqu" eqnqodkcpqu" rgtukuvgp" dclqu"
fgugorg‚qu"gp"ocvgtkc"fg"rtqfwevkxkfcf"ncdqtcn0"
Eqp"tgurgevq"c"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"swg"rtgugpvctqp"
nqu"ekpeq"oƒu"dclqu"fgugorg‚qu"gp"ncu"xctkcdngu"
cuqekcfcu"eqp"guvc" fkogpuk„p."ug"kpÞgtg"swg" "uw"
dclc"cevkxkfcf"geqp„okec"{"gortguctkcn""ug"tgàglc"
cfgoƒu."gp"nqu" vgocu"cuqekcfqu"eqp" gn"ogtecfq"
ncdqtcn." rtqfwevq" fg" uw" ckuncokgpvq" gurcekcn" {"
dclq"pkxgn"fg"kpvgitcek„p"eqp"ncu"fgoƒu"tgikqpgu0"
Fkogpuk„p"gfwecvkxc"{"ekgpvÞec
Gn"ceeguq"c"nc"gfwecek„p"dƒukec"{"ncu"jcdknkfcfgu"
cfswktkfcu" rqt" nqu" kpfkxkfwqu" gp" gn" rtqeguq"
gfwecvkxq" uqp" wp" gngogpvq" uwuvcpekcn" rctc"
ncu" qticpk¦cekqpgu" {" nc" uqekgfcf" gp" nc" swg" ug"
fgugpxwgnxg." rqt" nq" swg" ug" eqpukfgtc" eqoq" wp"
fgvgtokpcpvg" swg" gzrnkec" wp" oc{qt" q" ogpqt"
fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq" {" uqekcn." fgdkfq" cn"
korcevq" swg" vkgpg" gp" nqu" pkxgngu" fg" kpitguq" fg"
nc"rqdncek„p"{" gp"ncu"rqvgpekcnkfcfgu" fg"igpgtct"
oglqtcu"rtqfwevkxcu" cn"kpvgtkqt"fg" ncu"gortgucu0"
Gu"gp"guvg"ugpvkfq"swg"guvc" fkogpuk„p"kpeqtrqtc"
gn" fgugorg‚q" gfwecvkxq" fg" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu." eqp" xctkcdngu" swg" tgàglcp" gn"
guvcfq" fg" eqdgtvwtc" fg" nc" gfwecek„p" rtkoctkc."
ncu" eqorgvgpekcu" cfswktkfcu" rqt" nc" rqdncek„p"
εστυδιαντιλ δε αχυερδο χον λασ πρυεβασ δε
guvcfq=" nc" rctvkekrcek„p" fg" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu"
gp" ncu" kpxgtukqpgu" fg" ekgpekc" {" vgepqnqic" {" gn"
codkgpvg"ekgpvÞeq" swg" ug"xkxg" cn" kpvgtkqt"fg" ncu"
υνιϖερσιδαδεσ
Eqorngogpvctkcogpvg"ug"okfg"gn"codkgpvg"ekgpvÞeq."
kpxguvkicvkxq"{" fg"kppqxcek„p"gp" nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu." eqoq" wp" eqorqpgpvg" guvtcvfiikeq"
rctc" igpgtct" eqpqekokgpvq" swg" rqukdknkvg" fkug‚ct"
wp" rtq{gevq" fg" uqekgfcf" eqp" wpc" xkuk„p" c" nctiq"
rnc¦q" {" rtqrqpgt" rqnvkecu" {" ceekqpgu" rtqfwevkxcu."
eqorgvkvkxcu"{"gÞekgpvgu"rctc"nqu"fkhgtgpvgu"cevqtgu"
guvcdngekfqu"gp"gn"vgttkvqtkq0"Guvg"curgevq"ug"eqpekdg"
eqoq"wp"gngogpvq"guvtwevwtcn"rctc"ncu"tgikqpgu."gp"
ncu"ewcngu" ug" xkgpgp" etgcpfq" rtqitgukxcogpvg" ncu"
eqpfkekqpgu"rctc"swg"nqu"kpfkxkfwqu"{"ncu"kpuvkvwekqpgu"
rwgfcp" fgucttqnnct" uw" ecrcekfcf" fg" kpfcicek„p" {"
etgcek„p." eqoq" curgevqu" kpvgitcngu" fg"ncu" hwgt¦cu"
rtqfwevkxcu" fgrctvcogpvcngu" {" swg" eqpvtkdw{gp" cn"
rtqitguq"fgn"eqpqekokgpvq"{"cn"dkgpguvct"geqp„okeq"{"
uqekcn"fg"nc"rqdncek„p0
Tguwnvc"korqtvcpvg"rctc"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"oqpkvqtgct"
nc" ecrcekfcf" gp" ocvgtkc" fg" ekgpekc." vgepqnqic" g"
kppqxcek„p" fg" uw"eqowpkfcf" ekgpvÞec." rctc" rqfgt"
ρεχονοχερ συσ δεσαρρολλοσ ε ινχορποραρλοσ α λασ
fkpƒokecu" geqp„okecu" tgikqpcngu." ncu" ewcngu" guvƒp"
nkicfcu"hwpfcogpvcnogpvg"c"ucvkuhcegt"ncu"fgocpfcu"
uqekcngu"{"gn"oglqtcokgpvq"fg"uw"rqukek„p"eqorgvkvkxc0"
Gn" fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq" {" uqekcn" fg" wp" vgttkvqtkq"
ug"rwgfg"gzrnkect"rqt"nc"gxqnwek„p"fg"nqu"cxcpegu"{"
ecodkqu"ekgpvÞequ."vgepqn„ikequ"{"fg"kppqxcek„p"swg"
ug"cfqrvgp"{"swg"ug"nqitcp"c"vtcxfiu"fg"nc"eqpuqnkfcek„p"
fg" wpc" eqowpkfcf" ekgpvÞec" dclq" wp" cfgewcfq"
codkgpvg"swg"rqukdknkvg"nc"eqpvkpwc"kpeqtrqtcek„p"fgn"
rtqitguq"vfiepkeq0
Ug" rtgugpvc" nc" Þiwtc" 4" eqp" nqu" tguwnvcfqu"
πονδεραδοσ δε λασ ϖαριαβλεσ χονσιδεραδασ παρα
ecfc"wpq"fg"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"eqnqodkcpqu"{"gn"
Fkuvtkvq"Ecrkvcn"fg"Dqiqvƒ0"
Cn"rqpfgtct"nqu"tguwnvcfqu" fg"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu" gp" ecfc" wpc" fg" ncu" xctkcdngu"
kpeqtrqtcfcu" gp" guvc" fkogpuk„p." ug" owguvtc"
c" Dqiqvƒ." Cpvkqswkc." Ucpvcpfgt." Tkuctcnfc" {"
Cvnƒpvkeq" tgurgevkxcogpvg" eqp" nqu" oglqtgu"
fgugorg‚qu" gp" ocvgtkc" gfwecvkxc" {" ekgpvÞec"
rctc" gn" c‚q" 4233." kpfkeƒpfqpqu" nqu" guhwgt¦qu"
geqp„okequ"{"fg"iguvk„p"swg"ug"tgcnk¦cp"gp"guvcu"
tgikqpgu"gp" eqorctcek„p" eqp"Iwckpc." Xkejcfc."
Iwcxkctg" {" Xcwrfiu" swg" qewrctqp" nqu" ewcvtq"
¿nvkoqu"rwguvqu0"
Cn" tgxkuct" gn" fgugorg‚q" fg" Dqiqvƒ" ug" rwgfg"
kphgtkt"gn"ewornkokgpvq"gp"vgocu"eqoq"ecnkfcf"fg"
nc"gfwecek„p"ugewpfctkc." cevkxkfcfgu"fg" ekgpekc."
vgepqnqic" {" codkgpvg" ekgpvÞeq0" Cukokuoq"
rtgugpvc" wp" dclq" fgugorg‚q" gp" ocvgtkc" fg"
ocvtewnc"pgvc"gp"nc"gfwecek„p"rtkoctkc0
Gn"fgrctvcogpvq"fg"Cpvkqswkc" qewrc"gn"ugiwpfq"
nwict" gp" guvc" fkogpuk„p." rgtq" c" wpc" fkuvcpekc"
eqpukfgtcdng" fgn" Fkuvtkvq" Ecrkvcn." fguvceƒpfqug"
gp" gn" fgugorg‚q" tgncekqpcfq" eqp" nc" vcuc" pgvc"
fg" ocvtewnc" gp" gfwecek„p" rtkoctkc" {" gp" gn"
codkgpvg" ekgpvÞeq0" Nc" xctkcdng" oƒu" etvkec" fg"
guvc"fkogpuk„p" ug"tgncekqpc"eqp" nc"ecnkfcf" fg"nc"
gfwecek„p" ogfkc." nq" ewcn" gu" eqjgtgpvg" eqp" ncu"
rtqrwguvcu" swg" xkgpg" fgucttqnncpfq" gn" iqdkgtpq"
fgrctvcogpvcn" gp" uw" Rncp" fg" Fgucttqnnq0" Nqu"
91
Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Ucpvcpfgt." Tkuctcnfc" {"
Cvnƒpvkeq" ug" fguvcecp" rqt" uw" fgugorg‚q" gp"
ocvgtkc" fg" eqdgtvwtc" gp" nc" ocvtewnc" fg" nc"
gfwecek„p" rtkoctkc." rgtq" fgdgp" jcegt" oc{qtgu"
iguvkqpgu"rctc"hqtvcngegt"nc"ekgpekc."nc"vgepqnqic"
{"nc"kppqxcek„p0
Nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"fg"Iwckpc."Xkejcfc."Iwcxkctg"
{" Xcwrfiu" rtgugpvcp" rfiukoqu" fgugorg‚qu" gp"
ncu" xctkcdngu" eqpukfgtcfcu" gp" guvc" fkogpuk„p."
nq" ewcn" eqpÞtoc" nq" swg" jkuv„tkecogpvg" ug" xkgpg"
rncpvgcpfq" fgdkfq" c" nqu" rtqdngocu" fg" qtfgp"
r¿dnkeq" {" cn" cdcpfqpq" guvcvcn." c" rguct" swg"
λα Eqpuvkvwek„p" Rqnvkec" fg" 3;;3" fgl„" ugpvcfc"
wpc" rqnvkec" fg" tgkxkpfkecek„p" fgn" fgtgejq" c" nc"
kiwcnfcf"fg"guvqu"vgttkvqtkqu0
∆ιµενσι⌠ν δε βιενεσταρ ψ σαλυδ
Ncu"tgàgzkqpgu" cevwcngu" gp" vqtpq"cn" fgugorg‚q"
geqp„okeq"kpenw{gp" dkgpguvct"uqekcn" {"fgucttqnnq"
jwocpq."eqoq"ictcpvcu"fg"uquvgpkdknkfcf"fg"nqu"
cxcpegu"geqp„okequ"{"uqekcngu"gp" gn"nctiq"rnc¦q0"
Guvqu"ug"jcp"eqpxgtvkfq"gp"qdlgvkxqu"rtkoqtfkcngu"
rctc" nqu" cevqtgu" {" cigpvgu" swg" iguvkqpcp" gn"
fgucttqnnq" fg" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu." swkgpgu"
vkgpgp" gn" rcrgn" {" gn" eqortqokuq" fg" cevwct" ctvk/
ewncfcogpvg" rctc" nqitct" nqu" oglqtgu" pkxgngu" fg"
fgugorg‚q"uqekcn0"
Rqt" nq" cpvgtkqt." gp" guvc" fkogpuk„p" ug" xcnqtc"
gn" fgugorg‚q" gp" vfitokpqu" fg" ceeguq" c" ncu"
eqpfkekqpgu" fg" ucnwf" {" dkgpguvct" dƒukeq" fg" nqu"
jcdkvcpvgu" fg" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" eqnqodkcpqu."
fg" eqphqtokfcf" eqp" nqu" tguwnvcfqu" qdvgpkfqu"
πορ ϖαριαβλεσ ρελαχιοναδασ χον ελ αχχεσο α λοσ
ugtxkekqu" fg" ucnwf." nc" xkqngpekc" kpvtchcoknkct"
{" nc" ucvkuhceek„p" fg" pgegukfcfgu" dƒukecu0" Nc"
gxqnwek„p" fg" guvg" eqorqpgpvg" rgtokvg" gxcnwct"
gn" fgugorg‚q" fg" hcevqtgu" fgvgtokpcpvgu"
εν λα χαλιδαδ δε ϖιδα δε λα σοχιεδαδ δε υν
fgrctvcogpvq."swg"cwpswg"cduvtcevq."ug"tgncekqpc"
eqp" hcevqtgu" geqp„okequ" qdlgvkxqu0" Gp" nc" Þiwtc"
3 σε πρεσενταν λοσ ρεσυλταδοσ πονδεραδοσ δε λασ
ϖαριαβλεσ χονσιδεραδασ παρα χαδα υνο δε λοσ
fgrctvcogpvqu"eqnqodkcpqu" {" gn"Fkuvtkvq" Ecrkvcn"
fg"Dqiqvƒ0"
Αλ πονδεραρ λοσ ρεσυλταδοσ οβτενιδοσ πορ λοσ
fgrctvcogpvqu" eqnqodkcpqu" gp" ncu" xctkcdngu"
tgncekqpcfcu" eqp" nc" fkogpuk„p" fg" dkgpguvct" {"
ucnwf."ug" owguvtc" swg"nqu" oƒu" fguvcecfqu"rctc"
Φιγυρα 2. Fkogpuk„p"gfwecvkxc"{"ekgpvÞec
Hwgpvg
92 Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
gn" 4233" uqp" Cvnƒpvkeq." Xcnng" fgn" Ecwec." Dqiqvƒ."
Tkuctcnfc"{" Ucpvcpfgt" tgurgevkxcogpvg." rqt"uwu"
cnvqu"fgugorg‚qu"gp"ncu"xctkcdngu"gokpgpvgogpvg"
uqekcngu"swg" vkgpgp"wp" cnvq"eqorqpgpvg" cukuvgp/
ekcnkuvc0"
∆ιµενσι⌠ν δε γοβερναβιλιδαδ, δεµοχραχια ψ
ϕυστιχια
Guvg"eqorqpgpvg" gzcokpc" gn"fgugorg‚q" fg" nqu"
fgrctvcogpvqu" gp" ocvgtkc" fg" iqdgtpcdknkfcf."
fgoqetcekc"{"lwuvkekc."eqoq"qdlgvkxqu"uqekcngu"swg"
rgtokvgp" c" nqu" " cevqtgu" fgn" vgttkvqtkq" fgucttqnnct"
cevkxkfcfgu" geqp„okecu." gortguctkcngu" {"
Φιγυρα 3. Fkogpuk„p"fg"dkgpguvct"{"ucnwf
Nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Xcwrfiu." Coc¦qpcu."
Ejqe„" {" Ucp" Cpftfiu" tgikuvtcp" nqu" oƒu" dclqu"
fgugorg‚qu" gp" guvc" ocvgtkc." nq" ewcn" qdnkic" c"
uwu" fktkigpvgu" r¿dnkequ" c" hqecnk¦ct" ncu" ceekqpgu"
fg" iguvk„p" {" tguwnvcfqu" jcekc" nc" cvgpek„p"
πριοριταρια δε λοσ ασπεχτοσ ρελαχιοναδοσ χον
guvcu"xctkcdngu."swg"rgtokvktcp"swg" nc"rqdncek„p"
vgpic" nc" fkurqukek„p" rctc" rctvkekrct" cevkxc" {"
gÞekgpvgogpvg" fg" ncu" cevkxkfcfgu" rtqfwevkxcu"
{" oglqtct" ncu" eqpfkekqpgu" swg" hcxqtg¦ecp" gn"
fgucttqnnq"kpvgitcn" {" oglqtgu" pkxgn" fg" xkfc"fg" nc"
rqdncek„p0"Vcodkfip"ug"eqpxkgtvg"gp"wp"nncocfq"fg"
cvgpek„p"rctc"nqu"qticpkuoqu"fg"eqpvtqn."fgdkfq"c"
swg"guvqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" tgekdgp"vtcpuhgtgpekcu"
fgn" qtfgp" pcekqpcn" rctc" ugt" ecpcnk¦cfcu" jcekc"
guvqu"rtqitcocu"{"nqitct"oglqtct"ncu"eqpfkekqpgu"
fg"xkfc" fg" nc" rqdncek„p." rgtq"rqt" nqu" tguwnvcfqu"
qdvgpkfqu."ogtgegp"gurgekcn"cvgpek„p0
uqekcngu" eqp" ekgtvqu" pkxgngu" fg" eqpÞcp¦c" rctc"
gn" ewornkokgpvq" fg" uwu" ogvcu" rctvkewnctgu0" Nc"
iqdgtpcdknkfcf" vkgpg" swg" xgt" eqp" gn" itcfq" fg"
eqqrgtcek„p." kpvgtceek„p" {" eqqtfkpcek„p" fg" ncu"
ceekqpgu" gpvtg" gn" ugevqt" r¿dnkeq" {" rtkxcfq0" Gp"
wp" ugpvkfq" cornkq" ug" tgncekqpc" eqp" nc" hqtoc" fg"
eqpxkxgpekc" uqekcn" gp" nc" swg" nqu" okgodtqu" fg"
wpc" uqekgfcf" vkgpgp" nc" hceknkfcf" fg" cuqekctug" {"
qticpk¦ctug" rctc" glgtegt" wpc" kpàwgpekc" fktgevc"
gp" ncu" fgekukqpgu" r¿dnkecu0" Nc" lwuvkekc" ug"
gzrtguc" eqoq" wp" qdlgvkxq" uqekcn" swg" uwtig" rqt"
nc"pgegukfcf" fg" eqpugtxct" nc" ctoqpc" gpvtg" uwu"
okgodtqu."ogfkcpvg"wp"eqplwpvq"fg"ng{gu."pqtocu"
{" tgiwncekqpgu" eqpugpuwcfcu" {" eqfkÞecfcu"
hqtocnogpvg."swg" rgtokvgp" fktkokt" nqu" eqpàkevqu"
ogfkcpvg"gn"guvcdngekokgpvq"fg"hqtocu"fg"cevwct."
eqpqegt." tgurgvct" {" ucpekqpct." eqpuvkvw{fipfqug"
εν ελ εσχεναριο προπιχιο παρα ελ δεσαρρολλο δε λασ
tgncekqpgu"uqekcngu"g"kpuvkvwekqpcngu0
Hwgpvg
93
Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
Nc" kpvgtceek„p" fg" ncu" kpuvkvwekqpgu" {" gn" rqfgt"
πολτιχο δε λοσ διϖερσοσ σεχτορεσ δε λα σοχιεδαδ,
uqp"fgvgtokpcpvgu"rctc"gn"fgugorg‚q"geqp„okeq"
{" uqekcn." {c" swg" etgc" q" gnkokpc" wpc" guvtwevwtc"
fg" kpegpvkxqu" rctc" nqu" cevqtgu" geqp„okequ" fg"
λα σοχιεδαδ, εν παρτιχυλαρ, λοσ ρελαχιοναδοσ
eqp" ncu" kpxgtukqpgu" gp" ecrkvcn" hukeq." jwocpq" {"
vgepqn„ikeq0" Guvcu" tgncekqpgu" uqp" gugpekcngu" gp"
gn" fgucttqnnq" fg" ncu" uqekgfcfgu" {" ug" eqpÞiwtcp"
eqoq" hwgpvg" fg" vtcuhqtocek„p" swg" iwc" nc"
kpvgtceek„p"jwocpc"{"uw"fgugorg‚q0
Gp" nc" Þiwtc" 6." ug" rtgugpvcp" nqu" tguwnvcfqu"
πονδεραδοσ δε λασ ϖαριαβλεσ χονσιδεραδασ παρα
ecfc"wpq"fg"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"eqnqodkcpqu"{"gn"
Fkuvtkvq"Ecrkvcn"fg"Dqiqvƒ0
Cn" gzcokpct" nqu" tguwnvcfqu" fg" fgugorg‚q" gp"
guvg" eqorqpgpvg." ug" rwgfg" fgvgtokpct" swg" nqu"
fgrctvcogpvqu"fg"Dq{ceƒ."Coc¦qpcu."Ecucpctg."
Ucpvcpfgt" {" Jwknc" tgurgevkxcogpvg." vkgpgp"
nqu" oglqtgu" eqorqtvcokgpvqu" gp" ncu" xctkcdngu"
tgncekqpcfcu" eqp" nc" rctvkekrcek„p" rqnvkec." nc"
iqdgtpcdknkfcf" {" nc" lwuvkekc0" Rqt" gn" eqpvtctkq" ug"
gpeqpvt„"swg"gp"gn"c‚q"4233"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"fg"
Iwcxkctg."Ctcwec."Rwvwoc{q."Dqiqvƒ" {"Xkejcfc."
ug"gpewgpvtcp"gp"ncu"ekpeq"¿nvkocu"rqukekqpgu"fg"
guvg"eqorqpgpvg0
Nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Dq{ceƒ" {" Coc¦qpcu"
rtgugpvcp"wp"cnvq"fgugorg‚q"gp"guvg"eqorqpgpvg"
fgdkfq"c" nqu"tguwnvcfqu" qdvgpkfqu"gp" ocvgtkc"fg"
rctvkekrcek„p"rqnvkec."dclq"tkguiq"gngevqtcn"{"dclc"
vcuc" fg" jqokekfkqu." nq" ewcn" kpfkec" guhwgt¦qu" fg"
uwu" cwvqtkfcfgu" rqt" ocpvgpgt" gn" qtfgp" r¿dnkeq"
rctc" swg" nqu" ekwfcfcpqu" rwgfcp" rctvkekrct" fg/
oqetƒvkecogpvg" gp" ncu" fgekukqpgu" fg" nc" tgik„p0"
Gp"ewcpvq"cn"fgrctvcogpvq"fg"Ecucpctg"rtgugpvc"
wp" cnvq" fgugorg‚q" fg" uwu" ekwfcfcpqu" gp"
rctvkekrcek„p"rqnvkec."nc" ewcn"rwgfg"guvct" ukgpfq"
kpàwgpekcfc" rqt" cevqtgu" ctocfqu" kttgiwnctgu"
rtgugpvgu" gp" gn" vgttkvqtkq0" Vcodkfip"rtgugpvc" wp"
dclq"eqorqtvcokgpvq"gp"tgncek„p"eqp"gn"kpfkecfqt"
fg" vtcpurctgpekc" iwdgtpcogpvcn." rqt" nq" ewcn" ug"
rwgfg"kphgtkt"wpc"cnvc"rqukdknkfcf" fg"rtgugpvctug"
gn"hgp„ogpq"fg"nc"eqttwrek„p0
Gp" ewcpvq" cn" fgrctvcogpvq" fg" Ucpvcpfgt" ug"
rwgfg" qdugtxct" swg" gzkuvg" wp" dclq" tkguiq" fg"
swg" nqu" ekwfcfcpqu" ugcp" rtgukqpcfqu" rctc" nc"
vqoc" fg" ncu" fgekukqpgu" rqnvkecu." rgtq" c" rguct"
fg" gnnq." guvqu" pq" uqp" ow{" rctvkekrcvkxqu" fg" nqu"
rtqeguqu" fgoqetƒvkequ0" Gp" ewcpvq" cn" Jwknc." uw"
dwgp" fgugorg‚q" gp" guvc" fkogpuk„p" ug" rwgfg"
cvtkdwkt"c" nqu" dclqu" pfkegu" fg" jqokekfkqu" {" c" nc"
vtcpurctgpekc" fgn" iqdkgtpq" fgoquvtcfc" cpvg" nc"
Rtqewtcfwtc"Igpgtcn"fg"nc"Pcek„p0
Ctcwec." Dqiqvƒ" {" Iwcxkctg" vkgpgp" wp" dclq"
fgugorg‚q"gp"ocvgtkc"fg"tkguiq"gngevqtcn"fgdkfq"
c" nc" rtgugpekc" fg" itwrqu" ctocfqu" kttgiwnctgu."
swg" pq" rgtokvgp" swg" nqu" ekwfcfcpqu" glgt¦cp"
eqp" nkdgtvcp" uwu" fgtgejqu" rqnvkequ0" Cfgoƒu."
Dqiqvƒ" rtgugpvc" vcodkfip" wp" dclq" fgugorg‚q"
gp" ocvgtkc" fg" iqdkgtpq" cdkgtvq." nq" ewcn" gu" gn"
tgàglq"fg" ncu"rtƒevkecu" eqttwrvcu"fgvgevcfcu" rqt"
Φιγυρα 4."Fkogpuk„p"fg"iqdgtpcdknkfcf."fgoqetcekc"{"lwuvkekc
Hwgpvg
94 Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
nqu" qticpkuoqu" fg" eqpvtqn" {" swg" fkgtqp" eqoq"
eqpugewgpekc" nc" kpguvcdknkfcf" rqnvkec" igpgtcfc"
gp"gn"c‚q"42330
Nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Rwvwoc{q" {" Xkejcfc"
rtgugpvctqp" vcodkfip" wp" dclq" fgugorg‚q" gp"
ocvgtkc"fg"vtcpurctgpekc"iwdgtpcogpvcn."cn"kiwcn"
swg" rtqdngocu" eqp" itwrqu" ctocfqu" kttgiwnctgu"
swg" kpekfgp" gp" nc" rctvkekrcek„p" rqnvkec" fg" nqu"
ekwfcfcpqu0
∆ιµενσι⌠ν αµβιενταλ ψ δε γεογραφα εχον⌠µιχα
Nqitct" wp" etgekokgpvq" geqp„okeq" uquvgpkfq"
rqt" rctvg" fg" nc" uqekgfcf" eqp" gn" rtqr„ukvq" fg"
rtqxggt" ncu" ecfgpcu" fg" rtqfweek„p" nqecn."
pcekqpcn" g" kpvgtpcekqpcn." glgteg" rtguk„p" uqdtg"
nqu"tgewtuqu"pcvwtcngu"fkurwguvqu"gp"nc"igqitchc"
δε χαδα τερριτοριο, χονδυχιενδο α εξχεσοσ δε
eqpvcokpcek„p"{"fgitcfcek„p"fg"nqu"gequkuvgocu."
nq" ewcn" tgswkgtg" wp" pwgxq" oqfgnq" fg" tgncekqpc/
okgpvq" fg" nc" uqekgfcf" eqp" nc" pcvwtcng¦c0" Nqu"
rtqdngocu"fgn" ogfkq" codkgpvg" uqp" gn" tguwnvcfq"
fg" ncu" tgncekqpgu" uqekq/rtqfwevkxcu" swg" qrgtcp"
c" fkxgtucu" guecncu" igqitƒÞecu." rqt" nq" ewcn" nc"
igqitchc" geqp„okec" pq" gu" kpfkhgtgpvg" cpvg" nqu"
jgejqu"gxkfgpvgu"swg" qewttgp"gp"gn" egpvtq"fg"uw"
qdlgvq"fg"guvwfkq"{"xkgpg"kpeqtrqtcpfq"gn"cpƒnkuku"
fg" nqu" korcevqu" codkgpvcngu." ncu" tgiwncekqpgu"
fg" nqu" ogtecfqu" {" gn" fgucttqnnq" uquvgpkdng."
eqoq" tgurwguvc" rctc" iguvkqpct" gn" fgucttqnnq" fg"
cevkxkfcfgu"rtqfwevkxcu"tgikqpcngu0
Gxcnwct" ncu" eqpfkekqpgu" codkgpvcngu" fg"
nqu" vgttkvqtkqu" rgtokvg" gzrnkect" nc" iguvk„p." gn"
fgugorg‚q" {" nqu" eqortqokuqu" fgenctcfqu" rqt"
nqu"cigpvgu" {" cevqtgu" rtgugpvgu"gp"nc" d¿uswgfc"
fgn" fgucttqnnq" uwuvgpvcdng." cn" kiwcn" swg" okfg"
nc" eqjguk„p" uqekcn" {" nc" ctoqpc" eqp" gn" ogfkq"
codkgpvg0" Guvc" fkogpuk„p" dtkpfc" kphqtocek„p"
tgncekqpcfc" eqp" gn" fgugorg‚q" codkgpvcn" fg"
nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" eqnqodkcpqu." gpvgpfkfq"
guvg" eqoq" wpc" ogfkfc" fg" nc" kpvgpukfcf" fg" nc"
kpvgtxgpek„p" fg" nqu" cevqtgu" {" cigpvgu" uqdtg" nc"
fkurqpkdknkfcf" {" ecnkfcf" fg" nqu" gequkuvgocu"
gzkuvgpvgu"gp" gn"vgttkvqtkq." rgtokvkgpfq"tgncekqpct"
nqu" ghgevqu" fg" wp" korcevq" codkgpvcn" eqp" gn"
dkgpguvct."eqp"ncu"ecwucu" {"ncu"ceekqpgu" fktgevcu"
fg" eqpvtqn" q" okvkicek„p" rctc" uw" ugiwkokgpvq" {"
eqpvtqn."eqp" rtqr„ukvqu"fg"ocpvgpgt."rqvgpekct" {"
uwuvgpvct"ncu" eqpfkekqpgu"geqp„okecu" {"uqekcngu"
fg"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"eqnqodkcpqu0"
Gp"ewcpvq"c"nc"igqitchc"geqp„okec."guvc"cpcnk¦c"
nc"eqodkpcek„p"fg"hcevqtgu"pcvwtcngu"{"gurcekcngu"
{"uw"kpàwgpekc"gp"ncu"cevkxkfcfgu" geqp„okecu"fg"
nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu0"Rctc"guvg"ecuq"jc{"wp"kpvgtfiu"
octecfq"gp" ncu"kpvgtxgpekqpgu" tgncekqpcfcu" eqp"
ncu"xcu"fg"vtcpurqtvg."swg"hceknkvcp"gn"ceeguq"c"nqu"
ogtecfqu"{"rqukdknkvcp"nc"kpugtek„p"fg"vgttkvqtkqu"c"
nqu"ektewkvqu"geqp„okequ"{"uqekcngu."g"kpekfgp"uwu/
vcpekcnogpvg"gp"nqu"pkxgngu"fg"kpitguq"{"dkgpguvct"
fg" nqu" jcdkvcpvgu0" Ncu" eqpfkekqpgu" igqitƒÞecu"
cfxgtucu" fg" cniwpqu" vgttkvqtkqu" ug" rwgfgp"
uwrgtct" eqp" rqnvkecu" swg" hqecnk¦cp" kpxgtukqpgu"
jcekc" rtq{gevqu" swg" cevkxgp" ncu" hwgt¦cu" fg"
cinqogtcek„p." oglqtgp" nc" rtqfwevkxkfcf" fg"
nc" vkgttc" {" fgn" vtcdclq." tgfw¦ecp" nc" rtgugpekc"
fg" gphgtogfcfgu" gpffiokecu" {" rtqowgxcp" nc"
fkhgtgpekcek„p"geqp„okec"fg"nqu"vgttkvqtkqu0"
Gp" nc" Þiwtc" 7" " ug" rtgugpvcp" nqu" tguwnvcfqu"
πονδεραδοσ δε λασ ϖαριαβλεσ χονσιδεραδασ παρα
ecfc"wpq"fg"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"eqnqodkcpqu"{"gn"
Fkuvtkvq"Ecrkvcn"fg"Dqiqvƒ0
Nc" fkogpuk„p" codkgpvcn" {" fg" igqitchc"
geqp„okec" kpenw{g" ncu" xctkcdngu" tgncekqpcfcu"
χον λα βιοδιϖερσιδαδ, λα δενσιδαδ ϖιαλ, τασα δε
oqtdknkfcf" rqt" Kphgeek„p" Tgurktcvqtkc" Ciwfc"
*KTC+" {" nc" ecnkfcf" fgn" ciwc." nc" ewcn" owguvtc"
swg" nqu" oglqtgu" ekpeq" fgugorg‚qu" rctc" gn"
c‚q" 4233" gp" guvc" ocvgtkc" nqu" rtgugpvcp" nqu"
fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Ucp" Cpftfiu" {" Rtqxkfgpekc."
Dqiqvƒ."Ewpfkpcoctec."Cvnƒpvkeq"{"Iwcxkctg0"Rqt"
qvtc"rctvg"nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu" fg"Dq{ceƒ."Pctk‚q."
Xcwrfiu." Iwckpc" {" Ecswgvƒ" vkgpgp" nqu" rgqtgu"
fgugorg‚qu"rctc"guvc"fkogpuk„p0
Gn" cnvq" fgugorg‚q" fg" Ucp" Cpftfiu" gp" guvc"
fkogpuk„p" ug" rwgfg" cvtkdwkt" c" nqu" guhwgt¦qu"
tgcnk¦cfqu"rctc"qdvgpgt"tgikuvtqu"uqdtg"nc"tkswg¦c"
gp" dkqfkxgtukfcf" fg" nc" kunc" {" ncu" kpxgtukqpgu"
tgcnk¦cfcu" rctc" vgpgt" wp" ugtxkekq" fg" ciwc" eqp"
ecnkfcf" rctc" uwu" jcdkvcpvgu0" Kiwcnogpvg" ug"
τιενε χοντρολ σοβρε λασ χαυσασ ρελαχιοναδασ χον
nc" oqtdknkfcf" rqt" KTC0" Gn" cnvq" fgugorg‚q" fg"
Dqiqvƒ"ug" rwgfg" cvtkdwkt"c" nc" cnvc" fgpukfcf"xkcn"
fg" nc" ekwfcf" {" cn" dclq" tkguiq" gp" nc" ecnkfcf" fgn"
95
Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
ciwc"swg"ug"ngu"uwokpkuvtc"c"nqu"jcdkvcpvgu."rgtq"
vkgpg" wp" oqfgtcfq" fgugorg‚q" gp" ocvgtkc" fg"
eqpvcokpcek„p"codkgpvcn0
Nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Ewpfkpcoctec." Cvnƒpvkeq"
{" Iwcxkctg" dcucp" uw" cnvq" fgugorg‚q" gp" guvc"
fkogpuk„p"rqt"nqu" tguwnvcfqu"rqukvkxqu"qdvgpkfqu"
gp" ocvgtkc" fg" ecnkfcf" fgn" ciwc" {" dclqu" pkxgngu"
fg" eqpvcokpcek„p." rgtq" fgdgp" jcegt" oglqtcu"
uwuvcpekcngu"gp"gn"fgugorg‚q"tgncekqpcfq"eqp"nc"
fgpukfcf"xkcn0"""
Gn" dclq" fgugorg‚q" fg" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" fg"
Dq{ceƒ." Pctk‚q." Xcwrfiu." Iwckpc" {" Ecswgvƒ."
οβεδεχεν α λοσ πρεχαριοσ ρεσυλταδοσ πρεσενταδοσ
εν λασ ϖαριαβλεσ ρελαχιοναδασ χον λα δενσιδαδ ϖιαλ
{"nqu"tgikuvtqu"fg"nc"tkswg¦c"gp"dkqfkxgtukfcf0"
Ινδιχαδορ δε δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ
δεπαρταµενταλ Χολοµβιανο 2011
C" eqpvkpwcek„p." gp" nc" Þiwtc" 8" ug" owguvtcp" nqu"
tguwnvcfqu"eqpuqnkfcfqu"fg"ncu"ekpeq"fkogpukqpgu"
swg" eqorqpgp" gn" Kpfkecfqt" fg" Fgugorg‚q"
Geqp„okeq"{"Uqekcn"rctc"gn"c‚q"42330
Gn" tguwnvcfq" Þpcn" qdvgpkfq" gp" gn" Kpfkecfqt" fg"
Fgugorg‚q"Geqp„okeq"{"Uqekcn"*KFGU+."owguvtc"
c"Dqiqvƒ"eqoq"gn"oƒu"fguvcecfq"gp"4233."ugiwkfq"
rqt"Cvnƒpvkeq." Ucpvcpfgt" Tkuctcnfc." {" Cpvkqswkc0"
Rqt"gn"eqpvtctkq" ug"gpeqpvt„" gp"ncu" ekpeq"¿nvkocu"
rqukekqpgu" fg" fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq" {" uqekcn" c"
nqu"fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Ejqeq." Iwcxkctg." Iwckpc"
Xkejcfc"{"Xcwrfiu0
Nqu" tguwnvcfqu" qdvgpkfqu" eqp" gn" KFGU" rctc" gn"
c‚q"4233."fkÞgtg"pqvcdngogpvg"fg"ncu"ogfkekqpgu"
tgcnk¦cfcu"rqt"gn"kpfkecfqt"fg"fgugorg‚q"kpvgitcn"
fg" nqu" owpkekrkqu" {" fgrctvcogpvqu" c" ectiq" fgn"
Fgrctvcogpvq" Pcekqpcn" fg" Rncpgcek„p." rwgu" nc"
ogvqfqnqic"{"cpƒnkuku" u„nq"ug"gphqec" gp"gxcnwct"
nc"iguvk„p"r¿dnkec"fg"nqu"iqdgtpcfqtgu"{"cnecnfgu."
gp" nq" tgncekqpcfq" eqp" nc" vqoc" fg" fgekukqpgu" fg"
rqnvkec"r¿dnkec"{"fg"cukipcek„p"fg"tgewtuqu"gp"nqu"
eqorqpgpvgu" kpvgitcfqu" fg" gÞecekc." gÞekgpekc."
ngicnkfcf"{"iguvk„p0"Gn"KFGU/4233"gu"wp"kpfkecfqt"
oƒu"cornkq"rqtswg" kpenw{g"gn" fgugorg‚q"fg" nqu"
cigpvgu"r¿dnkequ." rtkxcfqu" {" uqekcngu" gzkuvgpvgu"
gp"gn"vgttkvqtkq0
Φιγυρα 5. Fkogpuk„p"codkgpvcn"{"fg"igqitchc"geqp„okec
Hwgpvg
96 Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
Gp" ewcpvq" c" nqu" pfkegu" swg" okfgp" nc"
eqorgvkvkxkfcf"tgikqpcn"q"fgrctvcogpvcn"ug"rwgfg"
kphgtkt" swg" gzkuvgp" cniwpqu" gngogpvqu" eqowpgu."
vcngu" eqoq" gn" oqpkvqtgq" {" cpƒnkuku" geqp„okeq."
gortguctkcn"{"ncdqtcn" swg"uqp" hwpfcogpvcngu"gp"
nc" fkpƒokec" fg" nc" eqorgvkvkxkfcf" tgikqpcn." rgtq"
u„nq" nq" jcegp" rctc" 46" fgrctvcogpvqu." okgpvtcu"
swg"gn" KFGU/4233" vqoc"nqu" 54" gpvgu" vgttkvqtkcngu"
oƒu" Dqiqvƒ" F0E0" Qvtq" fkhgtgpekcfqt" eqp" nqu"
kpfkecfqtgu" fg" eqorgvkvkxkfcf." gu" nc" kpenwuk„p"
fg"xctkcdngu" swg"tgàglcp" gn"oglqtcokgpvq" fg"ncu"
χονδιχιονεσ δε ϖιδα δε λασ περσονασ, πορ λο χυαλ
ug" eqpuvkvw{g" ukownvƒpgcogpvg" gp" wp" kpfkecfqt"
fg" fgucttqnnq" geqp„okeq." uqekcn" {" codkgpvcn"
tgikqpcn." swg" tgàglc" ncu" cevwcekqpgu" fg" nqu"
cigpvgu"geqp„okequ0
Χονχλυσιονεσ
Gp" nqu" ¿nvkoqu" c‚qu" ug" jc" cegpvwcfq" gn" kpvgtfiu"
rqt" eqortgpfgt" ncu" ecrcekfcfgu" fg" rtqfweek„p"
{" gn" fgugorg‚q" uqekcn" fg" nqu" fkhgtgpvgu"
fgrctvcogpvqu" fgn" rcu." rctc" rqfgt" rtqrqpgt"
wpc" rqnvkec" geqp„okec" {" uqekcn" swg" vgpic" gp"
ewgpvc" uwu" rqvgpekcnkfcfgu." ectcevgtuvkecu" {"
pgegukfcfgu" uqekcngu." eqp" wpc" xkuk„p" cornkc"
swg" kpeqtrqtg" curgevqu" uqekcngu" hwpfcogpvcngu"
rctc"nc" xkfc" fg" nqu"ekwfcfcpqu0" Gn" Kpfkecfqt" fg"
Fgugorg‚q"Geqp„okeq"{"Uqekcn"*KFGU+."rtgvgpfg"
crtqzkoctug"c" nc" tgcnkfcf" fg"nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu"
eqnqodkcpqu."rctc" oquvtct" nqu"tguwnvcfqu" fg" ncu"
xctkcdngu" swg" gu" pgeguctkq" korcevct" {" nqitct"
oglqtgu"eqpfkekqpgu"fg"xkfc0
Gp" nc" fkogpuk„p" geqp„okec." gortguctkcn" {"
ncdqtcn" ug" rwfq" guvcdngegt" nc" eqpegpvtcek„p" fg"
fkejcu" cevkxkfcfgu" gp" Dqiqvƒ." eqoq" tgik„p" vtc/
fkekqpcnogpvg" nfgt0" Kiwcnogpvg" ug" fguvcec" gn"
fgrctvcogpvq"fgn"Cvnƒpvkeq"swg"guvƒ"gogtikgpfq"
eqoq" wp" vgttkvqtkq" geqp„okecogpvg" korqtvcpvg."
c" rctvkt" fg" uw" wdkecek„p" igqitƒÞec" guvtcvfiikec"
rctc" crtqxgejct" ncu" xgpvclcu" fg" nqu" cewgtfqu"
eqogtekcngu" swg" gn" rcu" xkgpg" uwuetkdkgpfq0"
Gn" fgrctvcogpvq" fgn" Ogvc" vcodkfip" rtgugpvc"
wpc" fkpƒokec" korqtvcpvg" tgncekqpcfc" eqp" nc"
rtqfweek„p"fg" jkftqectdwtqu" {" dkqeqodwuvkdngu."
swg"nq" gngxcp" c" nc" ecvgiqtc"fg" wp" vgttkvqtkq" eqp"
cnvqu" pkxgngu" fg" cevkxkfcf" geqp„okec." swg" ug"
tgàglcp"gp"nc"tgfweek„p"fg"nc"vcuc"fg"fgugorngq0
Vcodkfip"ug"fgvgtokp„"swg"nqu"pwgxqu"fgrctvcogpvqu"
etgcfqu"rqt"nc"Eqpuvkvwek„p"fg"3;;3."eqp"gzegrek„p"
Φιγυρα 6. KFGU/"4233
Hwgpvg
97
Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
fg" Ucp" Cpftfiu" {" Rtqxkfgpekc." ukiwgp" cvtcucfqu"
{" tgngicfqu" fg" ewcnswkgt" rtq{gevq" fg" fgucttqnnq"
rtqfwevkxq"swg" rgtokvc"fkpcok¦ct"uwu"cdwpfcpvgu"
tgewtuqu"{"oglqtct"ncu"eqpfkekqpgu"fg"xkfc"fg" uwu"
jcdkvcpvgu0"
Gp" nc" fkogpuk„p" gfwecvkxc" {" ekgpvÞec" ug"
guvcdngeg"nc"eqpegpvtcek„p" fg"ncu" kpxgtukqpgu"gp"
cevkxkfcfgu"fg"kpxguvkicek„p."ekgpekc"{"vgepqnqic"
gp" Dqiqvƒ." nq" ewcn" ug" gxkfgpekc" vcodkfip" gp"
oglqtgu" tguwnvcfqu" fg" ecnkfcf" gp" nc" gfwecek„p="
nq" swg" rqpg" fg" ocpkÞguvq" nc" pgegukfcf" fg" wpc"
πολτιχα ρεδιστριβυτιϖα δε λοσ ρεχυρσοσ δεστιναδοσ
rctc" guvcu" cevkxkfcfgu." swg" rgtokvcp" hqtvcngegt"
ncu" ecrcekfcfgu" tgikqpcngu" {" uw" korcevq" gp"
ncu" cevkxkfcfgu" rtqfwevkxcu" {" uqekcngu0" Gp" guvg"
curgevq"ecdg"fguvcect"nqu"fgugorg‚qu"qdvgpkfqu"
rqt"nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Cpvkqswkc." Ucpvcpfgt."
Tkuctcnfc"{"Cvnƒpvkeq."swkgpgu"crctgegp"gpvtg"nqu"
rtkogtqu"ekpeq" rwguvqu." nq" ewcn"kpfkec" guhwgt¦qu"
korqtvcpvgu" fg" nqu" iguvqtgu" vgttkvqtkcngu" rctc"
etgct" wp" codkgpvg" ekgpvÞeq" rtqrkekq" rctc" nc"
kpxguvkicek„p"{"nc"kppqxcek„p0
Gp"nc"fkogpuk„p"fg"ucnwf"{"dkgpguvct"ug"fgucvcec"
swg" tgikqpgu" eqoq" Cvnƒpvkeq" {" Xcnng"fgn" Ecwec."
vwxkgtqp"oglqtgu"fgugorg‚qu"swg"Dqiqvƒ."nq"ewcn"
rgtokvg"kphgtkt"swg"gn"dwgp"fgugorg‚q"geqp„okeq."
gortguctkcn" {" ncdqtcn" pq" pgeguctkcogpvg" ug" xg"
tgàglcfq" gp" nc" fkogpuk„p" fg" ucnwf" {" dkgpguvct0"
Λοσ δατοσ οβτενιδοσ εν εστασ ϖαριαβλεσ, ινδιχαν
λα νεχεσιδαδ δε προπονερ πολτιχασ ρεδιστριβυτιϖασ
swg"rgtokvcp"c"wpc"oc{qt"ecpvkfcf"fg"jcdkvcpvgu."
dgpgÞekctug"fg"nqu" tguwnvcfqu"geqp„okequ"fg" wp"
hwgtvg"crctcvq" rtqfwevkxq0" Vcodkfip"ug" fguvcecp"
nqu" cnvqu" fgugorg‚qu" gp" guvc" fkogpuk„p" fg" nqu"
fgrctvcogpvqu" fgn" Glg" Echgvgtq." Ucpvcpfgt" {"
Cpvkqswkc0
Gp"nc" fkogpuk„p"fg" iqdgtpcdknkfcf." fgoqetcekc"
{"lwuvkekc"nncoc" nc"cvgpek„p" swg"Dqiqvƒ"hwg" gn"fg"
rgqt" fgugorg‚q" lwpvq" eqp" Xkejcfc." " nq" swg" ug"
rwgfg" cvtkdwkt" c" nc" fkhekn" ukvwcek„p" rqnvkeq/cf/
okpkuvtcvkxc"xkxkfc"rqt" gn"cnecnfg"fkuvtkvcn" gngikfq"
rctc" gn" rgtqfq" 422:/4233" {" c" nc" kpàwgpekc" fg"
itwrqu" kttgiwnctgu." swg" jcegp" rtgugpekc" gp" wp"
vgttkvqtkq" tgegrvqt" fg" rqdncek„p" fgurnc¦cfc" rqt"
nc"xkqngpekc"{" uw"korcevq" gp"ncu"rqukdknkfcfgu" fg"
rctvkekrcek„p"fgoqetƒvkec0
Gp" nc" fkogpuk„p" codkgpvcn" {" fg" igqitchc"
geqp„okec" ug" guvcdngeg" swg" nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu"
swg"vkgpgp" gn"fgugorg‚q" oƒu" dclq"uqp" Dq{ceƒ."
Pctk‚q." Xcwrfiu." Iwckpc" {" Ecswgvƒ." nq" ewcn"
rgtokvg" kphgtkt" nc" hcnvc" fg" rqnvkecu" swg" hceknkvgp"
kpxgtukqpgu" uwÞekgpvgu" rctc" fgucttqnnct" wpc" kp/
htcguvtwevwtc"swg"eqpgevg"c"fkejqu"vgttkvqtkqu"eqp"
nc"fkpƒokec"geqp„okec"{"uqekcn"fg"qvtcu"tgikqpgu0"
Vcodkfip" ug" fguvcec" swg" guvqu" fgrctvcogpvqu"
ποσεεν υνα ριχα βιοδιϖερσιδαδ, περο ποχο σε
kpxkgtvg" rctc" qdvgpgt" tgikuvtqu" eqpÞcdngu" swg"
fgvgtokpgp"eqp"rtgekuk„p"ncu" tgcnkfcfgu"{"rqvgp/
ekcnkfcfgu"fg"nqu"vgttkvqtkqu"gp"guvc"ocvgtkc0
Uqp" ow{" rqequ" nqu" fcvqu" eqpÞcdngu" swg" ug"
gpewgpvtcp"fkurqpkdngu"gp"gn"rcu"rctc"jcegt"wpc"
gxcnwcek„p"gp"ocvgtkc"fg"ogfkq" codkgpvg."vgoc"
swg"c"pkxgn" owpfkcn"jc"eqdtcfq" itcp"tgngxcpekc."
rgtq"swg"gp" Eqnqodkc"ncu" gpvkfcfgu"gpecticfcu"
fg" guvg" rtqeguq" pq" fguvkpcp" nqu" uwÞekgpvgu"
tgewtuqu" rctc" eqpuvtwkt" kphqtocek„p" rgtk„fkec" {"
eqpÞcdng" swg" rgtokvcp" fkurqpgt" fg" nqu" kpuwoq"
pgeguctkqu"rctc"nc" ogfkt" gn" fgugorg‚q" gp" guvc"
ocvgtkc0
Nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" fg" Cvnƒpvkeq." Ucpvcpfgt" {"
Ρισαραλδα σε ενχυεντραν ποσιχιοναδοσ εν ελ
kpfkecfqt" fg" fgugorg‚q" geqp„okeq" {" uqekcn"
*KFGU+." rqt" gpekoc" fg" Cpvkqswkc0" Gp" gurgekcn"
ug" tgucnvc" gn" fgugorg‚q" fgn" fgrctvcogpvq"
fg" Cvnƒpvkeq." cn" guvct" wdkecfq" gpvtg" nqu" ekpeq"
rtkogtqu" rwguvqu" gp" ewcvtq" fg" ncu" ekpeq"
fkogpukqpgu" cpcnk¦cfcu." nq" ewcn" rgtokvg" kphgtkt"
swg"ug" tgcnk¦ctqp" ceekqpgu"guvtcvfiikecu" gp" ecfc"
wpc"fg"ncu"xctkcdngu"tgncekqpcfcu0
Nqu" fgrctvcogpvqu" fgn" Glg" Echgvgtq." Tkuctcnfc."
Ecnfcu" {" Swkpfq" swgfctqp" wdkecfqu" fgpvtq" fg"
nqu" rtkogtqu" pwgxg" rqukekqpgu" fgn" KFGU/4233."
rgtq" gp" nc" fkogpuk„p" tgncekqpcfc" eqp" gn" ogfkq"
codkgpvg" {" nc" igqitchc" geqp„okec" hwg" fqpfg"
qdvwxkgtqp"gn"rgqt"fgugorg‚q."nq"ewcn"kpfkec"swg"
ug"fgdg"vtcdclct"gp"oglqtct"gn"itcfq"fg"kpvgtceek„p"
{" eqqtfkpcek„p" fg" ncu" ceekqpgu" gpvtg" gn" ugevqt"
r¿dnkeq"{"gn"ugevqt"rtkxcfq0"Vcodkfip"gu"pgeguctkq"
hqtvcngegt"vgocu"tgncekqpcfqu" eqp"gn" fgugorg‚q"
geqp„okeq."gortguctkcn"{" ncdqtcn."cn"kiwcn" swg"nq"
tgncekqpcfq" eqp" nc" gfwecek„p" gp" uwu" fkhgtgpvgu"
pkxgngu." rctc" kpeqtrqtct" wp" oc{qt" p¿ogtq" fg"
rgtuqpcu" cn" ogtecfq" ncdqtcn" {" rtqrkekct" wp"
guegpctkq"rctc"gn"fgucttqnnq"geqp„okeq"{"uqekcn0
98 Ελ δεσεµπε〉ο εχον⌠µιχο ψ σοχιαλ δε λοσ δεπαρταµεντοσ χολοµβιανοσ εν ελ α〉ο 2011
Tghgtgpekcu"dkdnkqitƒÞecu
Fcpg0" *4234+0" Γυα παρα ∆ισε〉ο, Χονστρυχχι⌠ν
ε Ιντερπρεταχι⌠ν δε Ινδιχαδορεσ. Dqiqvƒ
Fgrctvcogpvq" Cfokpkuvtcvkxq" Pcekqpcn"
fg" Guvcfuvkec0fguecticfq" fg" jvvru<11
yyy0fcpg0iqx0eq1Þngu1ugp1rncpkÞecekqp1
ewcf gtp knnq u1K pvtq fwe ekqpFku gpqEqpu /
vtwee kqpKp vgtrtgvcekqpKp fkecf qtguYg d0
rfh
Icnnwr."L0."Icxktkc." C0."(" Nqtc."G0"*4225+0 Αµριχα
Λατινα ↵χονδεναδα πορ συ γεογραφα? Dqiqvƒ
Cnhcqogic0" Fguecticfq" fg" jvvr<11yyy0
ig q0rwe0en1 jv on 1t gx ku vc 1R FH 1T IP Ia
P531ctv2;0rfh
Nwecu."T0"*3;::+0"Qp" vjg"ogejcpkeu"qh"geqpqoke"
fgxgnqrogpv0"ϑουρναλ οφ Μονεταρψ Εχονοµιχσ,
xqn0"44."5"/"640
Pqtvj." F0" *3;;5+0" Eqphgtgpekc" fg" Guvqeqnoq."
Uwgekc."gn";"fg"fkekgodtg"fg"3;;5"cn"tgekdkt"
gn"Rtgokq"Pqdgn"fg"Ekgpekcu"Geqp„okecu0"
Fguecticfq" fg" jvvr<11yyy0gwogf0pgv1
ewtugeqp1vgzvqu1pqtvj/pqdgn0jvo
Pqtvj." F0" *3;;5+0" Ινστιτυχιονεσ, Χαµβιο Ινστιτυχιοναλ
ψ ∆εσεµπε〉ο Εχον⌠µιχο. Ofizkeq Hqpfq"fg"
Ewnvwtc"Geqp„okec0
Pqtvj." F0" *4225+0" Vjg" Tqng" qh" Kpuvkvwvkqpu" kp"
Geqpqoke" Fgxgnqrogpv0" ∆ισχυσσιον Παπερ
Σεριεσ− Υνιτεδ Νατιονσ Εχονοµιχ Νοµµισσιοµ
φορ Ευροπε., 3"/" 320" Fguecticfq" fg" jvvr<11
yy y0w pg eg 0q ti 1h kn gcf ok p1 FCO1 qg u1
fkuearcrgtu1GEGaFRa4225/40rfh
Tqogt."R0"*3;:8+0"Kpetgcukpi"tgvwtpu"cpf"nqpi/twp"
itqyvj0"ϑουρναλ οφ Πολιτιχαλ Εχονοµψ, xqn0;6."
3224"/"32590
Ugp." C0" *3;;;+0" ∆εσαρρολλο ψ Λιβερταδ." Dctegnqpc."
Gurc‚c
Uvkinkv¦." L0" *3;;:+0" Oƒu" Kpuvtwogpvqu" {" Ogvcu"
oƒu"Cornkcu" rctc" gn" Fgucttqnnq0"Ρεφορµα
ψ ∆εµοχραχια Νο 12,"35"/"790"Fguecticfq"fg"
jvvr<11rgpfkgpvgfgokitcekqp0weo0gu1kphq1
gkf1rd1Uvkinkv¦;:gur0rfh
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